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高中英语语法专题复习练习---名词(含答案)

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高中英语语法专题复习练习---名词

一、单选题

1.Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that. Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered by a robot.

A. scissors B. section C. skin D. sympathy

2.He graduated from a medical research ______ five years ago and has been working as a doctor since then.

A. data B. attendance C. context D. institute 3.Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect extraordinary ________ from them to help rebuild the economy.

A. commitment B. appointment C. instrument D. requirement

4.The employer will bear 80% medical ______ for the employee during the employment period. A. discount B. fare C. fee D. fine

5.The medicine should usually be kept out of the ________ of children at home. A. distance B. reach C. limit D. arrival

6.The of an area of land is a line in people's imagination that separates it from other areas. A. boundary B. hurdle C. ceiling D. neighborhood

7.Finding information in today's world is easy. The________ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.

A. knowledge B. ability C. competition D. challenge

8.The League member is brave, honest and hard-working. In a word, he is a good boy of many ______.

A. qualities B. principles

C. rewards D. opinions

9.Still a little left on the chair, seeing that, Grandma shouted to the little boy. A. bread, was B. breads, were C. bread, were D. breads, was

10.What Darwin said was an attack on people's religious . A. belief B. beliefs C. beliefes D. believes

11.Historic sites impress writers with their amazing beauty, which are a great source of ________. A. inspiration B. composition C. occupation D. combination 12.What is known to my families is that many are in my brother's album.

A. stamp B. stamps C. books D. stampes 13.The students didn't find much______ about the topic on the website.

A. report B. article C. information D. progress 14.In universities in China, classes are often arranged in more flexible ___ and a lot of jobs are offered to the students after graduation.

A. patterns B. ranks C. grades D. scales

15.You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ________. A. theory B. storm C. routine D. project

16.For years,scientists have been worried about the________of air pollution on the earth's natural conditions.

A. effect B. result C. account D. cause

17.How amazing it is that Zuckberg can speak Chinese! After all, it is a big_____ for any westerner to learn such a totally different language.

A. adventure B. achievement C. trend D. challenge 18.Thanks to the special chemical ________ of the soil in the mountainous area, this economic plant grows well there.

A. composition B. competence C. construction D. conclusion 19.Every great accomplishment rests on the of what came before it; when you trace it back, you'll see one small step that started it all.

A. reputation B. expectation C. recreation D. foundation 20.Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable anti-war film and also a story of courage and _________.

A. burden B. depression C. benefit D. sacrifice

21.The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major _____________ of global climate change.

A. result B. cause C. warning D. reflection 22.—Whose umbrella is it? —It's ________.

A. somebody else's B. Somebody else C. Somebody's else's D. Somebody's else 23.An important component of any trip to a ______ you haven't visited is a map. A. destination B. dimension C. dictation D. distinction

24.\"May I take your order now?\" \"We'd like three black _______ and two green _______.\" A. coffee, cups of teas B. coffees, teas C. cups of coffee, tea D. cup of coffees, teas 25.The rising crime is a major_______ of society. A. responsibility B. condition C. cause D. concern

26.When I came back home, I wrote him a letter to show my ________ of his thoughtfulness. A. appreciation B. agreement C. attention D. achievement 27.The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight. A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance 28.He sold this car for only 2000 dollars, so the buyer got a wonderful________. A. cost B. worth C. value D. bargain

29.Excuse me, can you change this for me?

A. five-pound note B. five pound note C. five-pound notes D. five pounds notes 30.People with simple names enjoy quicker career advancement because names which are hard to pronounce inspire negative _______ from superiors.

A. consideration B. consequences C. expectations D. reactions 31.Take it easy. As your best friend, I will help you in my ________. A. power B. force C. energy D. strength

32.Only when women are enabled to become strong will our families, our economies, and our societies reach their fullest .

A. distinction B. innovation C. potential D. appreciation 33.I practiced a lot in the training center so that I could pass the driving test at my first __________ .

A. attempt B. experiment C. flight D. glance 34.I asked her if she would attend Barbara's party to be held the next week, but she made no ______.

A. response B. explanation C. concept D. affection 35.When I turned back, I noticed again there was no _________of him in the mirror. A. picture B. shadow C. reflection D. figure

36.—Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes? — Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.

A. feature B. plan C. cost D. trick

37.If people find out what you are doing here, it will completely ruin your________.

A. fortune B. chance C. destination D. reputation 38.He wanted to look for a(n) _________suited to his abilities.

A. pension B. prevention C. occupation D. permission 39.In order to _______ a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.

A. require B. inquire C. acquire D. address

40.Judging from her _________, I guess she must come from the West of America. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. accent

41.The ______ is the degree to which something is good or bad. A. quality B. quantity C. scale

42.Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this______ out of the long-existing discrimination.

A. concept B. responsibility C. identity D. personality 43.Have you heard the traffic ________that happened in Yatai Street last week? A. accident B. affair C. incident D. event

二、语法填空

44.We paid a visit to Guilin, whose beauty was beyond ________ (describe). 45.The cinema has little________ (attract) for some people.

46.Some students hold the view that universities should be centers of ________ (cultural). 47.The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the ________ (challenge) faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are. 48.Good books are of great ________ (valuable) to students.5

答 案

一、单选题

1.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】本题考查名词的词义辨析。A. scissors剪刀;B. section部分;C. skin皮肤;D. sympathy同情。句意:托尼则说,克莱尔一定是很不高兴,才会说出这样的话来。克莱尔觉得,机器人会向她表示同情,这有点荒唐可笑。根据句意可知选D正确。 2.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:他五年前从一所医学研究所毕业,从那时起就一直当医生。A. data“数据”;B. attendance“出席”;C. context“上下文”;D. institute“学院”。根据题意,故选D。 【点评】考查名词辨析,区分data;attendance;context和 institute的含义。 3.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词。A句意:既然银行在逐渐复原当中,我们期待得到来自他们特别的承诺帮助重建经济。 commitment承诺;B. appointment预约;C. instrument仪器;D. requirement要求。故选A。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步准确区分选项中的名词的含义和用法。 4.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:在聘期内,甲方将为乙方提供80%的医疗费用。A.discount折扣;B.fare票价;C.fee费用;D.fine罚款。根据雇主要为雇员在雇佣期间承担医疗保险费,故选C。

【点评】考查名词的辨析,注意理解选项的意思,根据句意正确的选择。 5.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】名词词义辨析题。A. distance距离 B. reach手可触及的范围 C. limit D. arrival 到达 根据语境“药品应放在家中孩子够不到的范围”所以选D。 6.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:一块土地的面积的边界是人们想象中的一条线,它把它与其他地区分开。此题是关于名词的辨析。A. boundary“边界”;B.hurdle“障碍”;C. ceiling“上限”;D. neighborhood“社区”。故选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析,区分boundary;hurdle;ceiling;neighborhood的含义。 7.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意:当今世界找信息很容易,但困难的事是你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。A. knowledge\"知识\";B.ability”能力”;C.competition”比赛,竞赛“;D.challenge“ 挑战,困难的事”,选D。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握选项中四个名词的含义和用法。 8.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】A. qualities品质;B. principles原则;C. rewards奖品;D. opinions 意见。句意:这个勇敢诚实刻苦。总之,他是有好品质的好男孩。根据句意选A. 9.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:凳子上仍然有一点面包,奶奶看见了之后对小男孩大喊。根据shouted可知是一般过去时,bread,面包,不可数名词,be动词用was,故选A。 【点评】考查不可数名词,注意不可数名词没有复数。 10.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:达尔文所说的是对人们宗教信仰的攻击。belief“信仰”是可数名词,其复数形式是beliefs,故选B。

【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作介词宾语。 11.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:历史遗迹以其惊人的美给作家留下深刻印象,这是一个伟大的灵感来源。A. inspiration “灵感”;B. composition“作曲”;C. occupation“占有”;D. combination“组合”。根据句意故选A。

【点评】考查名词,区分 inspiration;composition;occupation和combination的含义。 12.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:我的家人知道的是,我哥哥的相册里有很多邮票。A、stamp“邮票”,单数;B、stamps“邮票”,复数;C、books“书”;复数;D、stampes“雄蕊”。many后饥饿可数名词复数,选B。

【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作主语的应用。 13.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意:学生没有在网站上发现很多有关此主题的信息。A. report “报告”; B. article“文章”; C. information “信息 ”; D. progress“前进,进步”,根据句意,选C。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握选项中四个名词的含义和用法。 14.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:在中国的大学里,班级经常按更灵活模式安排班级,并且给毕业生提供大量的就业机会。A. patterns模式,方式;B. ranks,排名;C. grades年级;D. scales规模。根据题意可知选A项。 【点评】考查名词。 15.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:如果你经常学习,你会取得更大的成功,所以尽力养成一个习惯。A. theory“理论”;B. storm“风暴”;C. routine“日程工作”;D. project“工程”。选C。 【点评】考查名词辨析,区分 theory;storm;routine和project的含义。 16.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意为:许多年来,科学家们一直担心空气污染对地球的自然环境带来的影响。effect影响;result结果;account叙述,账目;cause原因,事业。科学家们应该是担心空气污染造成的影响。故选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析,注意理解词义,结合语境选择合适的单词。 17.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:扎克伯格会说中文是多么令人吃惊啊!毕竟,对任何西方人来说,学习一门完全不同的语言是一个巨大的挑战。考查名词词义辨析。A. adventure冒险;B. achievement成就;C. trend趋势;D. challenge挑战。根据句意可知此处表示“挑战”,故答案为:D。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析。 18.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:由于山区里土壤的特殊化学成分,这种经济作物在那儿生长得非常好。composition“构成,合成物,成分”;competence“能力”;construction“建造”;conclusion“结论”。根据常识可知,这里指化学成分,选A。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析,区分composition;competence;construction;conclusion的含义。

19.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:每一个伟大的成就都依赖于它之前所发生的一切;当你追溯它的时

候,你会看到是从一个小的步骤开始的。A. reputation“名声,声望“;B. expectation“期待,预期“;C. recreation“娱乐,消遣“;D. foundation“基础“。故选D。

【点评】考查名词,区分reputation;expectation;recreation;foundation的含义。 20.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:《拯救大兵瑞恩》是一部令人难忘的反战电影,也是一个关于勇气和牺牲的故事。A. burden“负担”;B. depression“压抑,压力”;C. benefit“好处,益处”;D. sacrifice“牺牲”。;根据句意可知“sacrifice牺牲”符合上下文语境,故选D。 【点评】考查名词辨析,区分 burden;depression; benefit和sacrifice的含义。 21.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:人们缺乏环保的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。result“结果;后果”;cause“原因;起因”;warning“警告”;reflection“表现,反映”。解析二:考查名词。题意为“……是全球气候变化的主要原因(起因)之一”,B项符合。A:结果;C:警告;D:反应,故选B。

【点评】考查名词辨析,区分result,cause,warning,reflection的含义。 22.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——是谁的雨伞?——别人的。\"不定代词+else”的所有格在else后加's,故选A。

【点评】考查名词所有格,本题涉及不定代词+else的所有格的应用。 23.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:去你没去过的地方旅行的一个重要组成部分就是地图。destination目的地,终点;dimension尺寸;dictation听写,命令;distinction 区别。根据生活经验可知去一个陌生的地方旅游,随身带上地图是必需的。故选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析,注意理解选项的意思,根据句意选择正确的词。 24.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:“现在可以点菜了吗?”\"我们要三杯黑咖啡和两杯绿茶\"。coffee既可用作不可数名词,表示“咖啡”这种物质,也可用作可数名词,表示“一杯咖啡”,即在口语中 three coffees 就等于 three cups of coffee。同样,“三杯茶”既可说成 three cups of tea,也可说成 three teas。故选B。

【点评】考查名词,掌握coffee和tea的应用。 25.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意:不断上升的犯罪是社会的主要担忧。A. responsibility“责任”; B. condition“条件”;C. cause“原因”; D. concern“关心,牵挂”。故选D。 【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握选项中四个名词的含义和用法。 26.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意:当我到家的时候,我写给他一封信表达我对他的周全考虑的感激之情。A项表示“欣赏,感激”;B项是“同意,一致”之意;C项表示“注意”;D项是“成就”,故选A项适合。 27.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:天气预报说今天会是多云,后半夜可能有雨。A. effect “影响”;B. sense “感觉”;C. change “改变”;D. chance\"机会,可能性”。故选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析,区分effect ;sense;change和hance的含义。 28.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:他以二千美元的价格把这辆车卖了,买主买得很便宜。A. cost“费用”; B. worth“价值,财产”; C. value“价值”; D. bargain“交易,便宜货”。故选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析,区分cost;worth;value和bargain的含义。 29.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:对不起,你能帮我兑换这张五英镑的钞票吗?this 后接单数名词,five-pound 是合成形容词,作定语,故选A。 【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作宾语。 30.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。A. consideration考虑,斟酌; B. consequence结果,后果;C. expectation期待;D. reactions反应。句意:名字简单的人会享受到更快的职业晋升,因为难读的名字会引起上级消极的反应(reactions)(名字简单的人更容易得到升职,因为难读的名字会令上司反感。)。故选D。 31.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:别担心,作为你的好朋友,我会在能力范围之内帮助你的。名词power权力,电力,能力;force武力,暴力;energy精力,能量;strength力气;优点;A项表示“能力”符合上下文串联。故答案为A。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析。理解句意,区分选项的意思可用法,根据句意判断答案。 32.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】A. distinction区别;B. innovation创新;C. potential潜能;D. appreciation欣赏。句意:只有当妇女能够变得强大时,我们的家庭、经济和社会才能充分发挥其潜力。结合句意可知答案为C。

【点评】考查具体语境中的名词辨析。 33.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。我在培训中心进行了大量练习,目的是我能在驾照考试中

一次通过。at the / one's first attempt.是第一次尝试,为固定搭配。 34.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:我问她是否会参加下周举办的Barbara的晚会,她没有回答。A. response“回复”;B. explanation“解释”;C. concept“概念”;D. affection“喜爱”。故选A。 【点评】考查名词辨析,区分response;explanation;concept和affection的含义。 35.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:当我回头的时候,我再次意识到镜子里没有他的映像。A picture照片;B shadow影子;C reflection映像,倒影(指镜中或玻璃中人的映像);D figure轮廓。根据句中的in the mirror可知,本句应选C。

【点评】考查名词。牢记名词的音,形,义,用法,并根据上下文选出。 36.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——你能告诉我做如此美味蛋糕的诀窍吗?下——好吧,我就是按照烹饪书上的说明做的。这里表示“你能告诉我做如此美味蛋糕的诀窍吗”。feature“特征”;plan“计划”;cost“花费”;trick“诀窍”。所以选D。

【点评】考查名词,区分feature;plan;cost;trick的含义。 37.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查单词辨析。如果人们发现你在这里做什么,它会彻底毁了你的________。A财富B机会C目的地D声誉;故选D。 38.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:他想找一份匹配他能力的工作。A. pension“养老金”;B. prevention“预防”;C. occupation“职业”;D. permission“允许”。根据本句的suited to his abilities可知,匹配自己能力的职位,故选C。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析,区分pension;prevention;occupation和 permission的含义。 39.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查词义辨析。A.需要;命令 B.询问;查究 C.获得;学到 D. 演说;忙于。句意:为了学到更好的英语知识,他放弃了工作去一所英语学校学习。故选C。 【点评】考查词义辨析 40.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:从她的口音判断,我想她一定是从美国西部来的。voice“嗓音”;sound“声音”;noise“噪音”;accent“口音”。选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析,区分voice;sound;noise;accent的含义。 41.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:质量就是某物好坏的程度。 A: quality “质量”; B: quantity “数量”; C: scale “规模, 比例(尺)”。故选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析,区分quality ;quantity和scale的含义。 42.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析 A. concept概念;B.responsibility责任;C. identity 身份;D. personality 个性。句意:男护士很难雇佣到因为很多男士在长期的歧视中拒绝这种身份,故选C项。 43.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。traffic accident 意为“交通事故”。affair “事物,事件,私事”;incident “事件,事变”,用于表示突发事件或偶发事件;event “重要的事情,大事”。句意:你听说过发生在那条街的交通事故吗?根据句意选A项。 【点评】考查名词辨析。

二、语法填空

44.【答案】 description

【解析】【分析】句意:我们去了桂林,桂林的美丽难以形容。beyond description固定短语,“难以形容”,故填description。

【点评】考查名词,以及固定短语beyond description。 45.【答案】 attraction

【解析】【分析】句意:电影对一些人没有吸引力。 little后接不可数名词,故填attraction。 【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作宾语的应用。 46.【答案】 culture

【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意:有些学生认为大学应该成为文化中心。of为介词后接名词作宾语。故填 culture.

【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用,需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。 47.【答案】 challenges

【解析】【分析】句意:纽卡斯尔大学的The Intelligent Transport team把一辆电动汽车变成了一个名为“drivelab”的移动实验室为了理解老司机所面临的挑战,找出关键的压力点在哪里。challenge是可数名词,故用复数形式,填challenges。 【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作宾语的应用。 48.【答案】 value

【解析】【分析】句意:好书对学生十分重要。名词value“价值”,该词和介词of连用构成短语of value,相当于valuable。故填value。

【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作介词宾语的应用。

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