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英语四级学习听力速记符号

来源:榕意旅游网
IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible. 1 拿掉所有元音 MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive 2 保留前几个字母 INFO information NS insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O 3 保留开头和结尾个发音字母 WK week RM room PL people\\ Z 表示\"人\"people/person,例如:日本人:JZ 4 根据发音 R are THO though THRU through 高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表

APT Apartment ACC Accountant ACDG According ACPT Accept AD Advertisement ADS Address

ADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possible AMT Amount APV Approve

ASAP As soon as possible BAL Balance BLDG Building CERT Certificate CFM Conform CNCL Cancel CNF Conference CMI Commission

CMP Complete CMPE Compete/competitive

CMU Communication CONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND Condition CO. Company DPT Departure

DEPT Department DISC Discount EXCH Exchange EXPLN Explain EXT Extent FLT Flight FNT Final FRT Freight FYR For your reference GD Good GUAR Guarantee H.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS Impossible IMP(T) Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST Interested I/O In stead of IOU I owe you IVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL Model MEMO Memorandum MGR Manger MIN Minimum MKT Market MSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS Observe OBT Obtain ORD Ordinary PAT Patent PC Piece PKG Packing PLS Please

POSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product QLTY Quality

QUTY Quantity RCV Receive REF Reference REGL Regular

REP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC Section SITN Situation STD Standard TEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO Though TKS Thanks TRD Trade TRF Traffic TTL Total U You UR Your WK Week

WL Will WT Weight XL Extra large 二、 字母、图像

C (control) 表示政府,统治:government,govern .governmental official 可以表示为 CZ

P 表示政治: politician就可以表示为 PZ

S (sum)/ E 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。 E/ G 表示效率:efficient, effective.G为效率符号。

Q 表示\"通货膨胀\":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。 A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture

B 表示商业:business.

C× 表示冲突,矛盾:conflict, confrontation \"C×\"中的\"×\"表示反对 W 表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。 WZ可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。 i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱

U 看酷似一个酒杯,表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)在U内填入2,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的), 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在U上加一个\"/\"表示谈判破裂。 n 表示\"交流\"状态:exchange,mutual, etc.

⊙1. 圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:meeting,conference, negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium

2. ⊙ 会议,如conference,meeting,seminar,symposium… □ 国家,地区,如:中国:□C,俄国:□R

O(整体,不可分割) 表示\"国家\"、\"民族\"、\"领土\"等:country, state, nation, etc.gO(go)表示进口,Og表示出口

O 圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.

这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:chair, host, preside over.那么在此符号上加Z表示主席,主持人:chairman, host, etc.

T 表示\"领导人\":leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT

k 这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示\"捕鱼业\"等合fishery 有关的词汇。

H(hapy/high) 表示开心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited, etc. L (low) 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc. EO (everyone knows) 表示听到、总所周之:as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc.

O 表示漠不关心、无动于衷:indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc. 三、 箭头

g 表示到达、传达:go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to etc. 表示导致、引导:lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc. 表示屈服:submit to

f 表示来自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc. 表示追溯到:come/go back to,originate

h 表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc. 表示发射、投放市场、发行:launch,open, start, etc. 表示发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen, promote, etc 表示\"波折\":ups and downs, twists and turns, etc. 四、 数学符号

+ 表示\"多\": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc. ++ /(+2) 表示\"多\"的比较级:more +3 表示\"多\"的最高级:most

- 表示\"少\": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.

× 表示\"错误\"、\"失误\"和\"坏\"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.

> 表示\"多于\"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc. 表示\"高\" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc. < 表示\"少于\"概念:less/smaller,etc. 表示\"低\"概念:inferior to,etc.

= 表示\"同等\"概念:means,that is to say, in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc.

表示\"对手\"概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc. ( ) 表示\"在……之间\":among, within, etc. ≠ 表示\"不同\"概念:be different from, etc. 表示\"无敌\"概念:matchless, peerless, etc.

~ 表示\"大约\"概念:about/around,or so, approximately, etc. / 表示\"否定\",\"消除\"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc. 五、 标点等

: 表示各种各样\"说\"的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.

? 表示\"问题\":question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?

. (dot) 这个\".\"点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样\".d\"表示yesterday, \".y\"表示last year, \".2m\"表示two month ago.\"y\"表示this year, \"y2.\" two year later\"next week\可以表示为\"wk.\" ∧ 表示转折

√ 表示\"好的\"状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.

表示\"同意\"状态,stand up for,support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc.

☆ 表示\"重要的\"状态:important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.

∥ 表示\"结束\":end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc. 六、 较长单词的处理办法

-ism 简写为 m 例如:socialism Sm

-tion 简 简写为 n 例如:standardization (标准化) stdn -cian 简 简写为 o 例如:technician techo

-ing 简写为 g 例如:marketing (市场营销) MKTg -ed 简写为 d 例如:accepted acptd

-able/ible/ble 简写为 bl 例如:available avbl -ment 简写为 mt 例如:amendment amdmt -ize 简写为 z 例如:recognize regz -ful 简写为 fl 例如:meaningful mnfl 三 介绍

1. S = sum f = frequency

2. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal

cap = capitalism 4. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual

cons = conservative 5. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = chemistry max = maximum intro = introduction conc = concentration min = minimum rep = repetition 6. ppd = prepared prblm = problem estmt = estimate bkgd = background gvt = government 8. am't = amount cont'd = continued gov't = government educat'l = educational 9. chpts = chapters egs = examples fs = frequencies intros = introductions 10. ckg = checking estg = establishing decrg = decreasing exptg = experimenting 11. Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key. name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS.

w/ = with w/o = without vs = against \\ = therefore

o = degrees H2O = water

eg example IT dept Information Technology department mar marketing cus customer cli client subj subject budg budget ind individual

--tech'gy technology gen'ion generalisation del'y delivery --assoc associated ach achievement info information --bkgd background mvmt movement prblm problem --custs customers fs frequencies /s ratios --decrg decreasing ckg checking

estblg establishing --Leave out unimportant verbs

Is was were a an the

@ at 2 to 4 for vs against as a result of / consequences of/ resulting in —> and / also +

equal to / same as = following ff

most importantly * especially esp/

四1. 常用方法

A.保留大写字母或第一音节

经济:E 教育:Edu 文化:C 政治:P 科技:ST 卫生:H 旅游:T 环境:En 工业:I 农业:A B.简写缩略

AFAC:as far as … is concerned(就……而言) LFT:look forward to (期待) ASAP:as soon as possible(尽快)

C.图象 D.符号

+ 表示\"和\",\"与\":and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more,etc.

﹢高兴,男性,同意,增加等,如 happy,male,agree,many, +2=more, +3=most,beneficial,good,beautiful,great,gorgeous… -

sad,female,disagree,little,few,-2=less,-3=least,lack of,short of… √同意,正确等,如:agree,correct,right… ×不同意,错误等,如:disagree,incorrect…

↑增长,进步等,如:increase,soar,mushroom,rocket,make progress… ↓

退

decrease,sink,slide,subside,plump,plunge,drop,degrade, deteriorate…

>多于,超过,比……低一级等,如:more than,greater than,begger than,better than,superior to,surpass,transcend,overtake…

<少于,比……低级等,如:less than,lower than,smaller than,inferior to… ~大约,如:approximately,about,around,some,nearly,almost,similar to…

/否定,清除,如:clear,settle,solve,tackle,conquer,eliminate,extinct… ﹦与……同等,如:stand for,refer to,means,that is to say,in other words,be equal to,as…as,same as…

∥竞争对手,如:competitor,rival,opponent,enemy,counterpart… ≠与……不同,如:differ from,different from,distinct,unique… $金钱,利益,如:interest,benefit,money,fund,capital… E.标点

?问题,麻烦,障碍,如:question,issue,difficult,hardship,barrier,obstacle… :

如例

::

think,consider,speak,say,talk,mark,announce,declare,hope,

repeat或reaffirm可以用:2来替代,声明支持可以用+:来替代,谴责用-: .表时间前后,如去年.y,明年y.,后天d……,前天……d,两周后w…… Eg. 女士们,先生们,尊贵的来宾们:

今天我很荣幸能够代表北京大学全体师生向来自美国教育代表团一行致以热烈的欢迎,希望你们在今后的两周内在中国过得愉快。 -/+,VIP,

d, ⊕ 代BJ Uni all wel US Edu dele, :w.., ⊕ □C

behalf of__ , I'm honored/priviledge to express my emotion(thanks , support) to sb who/doing

在旅游景点口译中:泰山,古称岱山,位于山东省境内,方圆 46 平方公里,自古以来就是海内外游客的必游之地。

Mount Tai , called Dai Mountain in the past , located in Shandong Province and covering an area of 46 square kilometers , has been a must for tourists globally 。 二、口译速记技巧

口译考试之所以难,在于其长度和规定的限时。估计很多参加过第二阶段口译考试的考生都有这样的经历,听的时候大意可以听懂,但是由于听时未作任何速记,关键词汇,逻辑关系在听后无法正确归纳,导致最后只能译出第一句或最后一句,而中间部分则完全忽略或遗忘。真是如此,你是不可能通过口译考试的。因此,自己在平日练习时一定要把速记归入计划之内。总体上来说,速记符号主要有以下几类 :

A 。保留大写字母或第一音节

经济: E 教育: Edu 文化: C 政治: P 科技: ST 卫生: H

旅游: T 环境: En 工业: I 农业: A

B .简写缩略

AFAC : as far as ... is concerned( 就 ...... 而言 ) LFT : look forward to ( 期待 ) ASAP : as soon as possible( 尽快 ) C .图象

⊕ 高兴,同意,满意等,如: happy , pleased , satisfied , agree...

◎ 悲伤,生气,不满,不同意等,如:

sad , angry , irritated , unsatisfied , sorrowful , discomfort , disagree...

⊙ 会议,如 conference , meeting , seminar , symposium...

□ 国家,地区,如:中国:□ C ,俄国:□ R

D .符号

﹢高兴,男性,同意,增加等,如 happy , male , agree , many , +2=more , +3=most , beneficial , good , beautiful , great , gorgeous...

-悲伤,女性,不同意,减少等,如 sad , female , disagree , little , few , -2=less , -3=least , lack of , short of... √同意,正确等,如: agree , correct , right... ×不同意,错误等,如: disagree , incorrect...

↑增长,进步等,如: increase , soar , mushroom , rocket , make progress...

↓下降,退步,恶化等,如 decrease , sink , slide , subside , plump , plunge , drop , degrade , deteriorate... >多于,超过,比 ...... 低一级等,如: more than , greater than , begger than , better than , superior to , surpass , transcend , overtake...

<少于,比 ...... 低级等,如: less than , lower than , smaller than , inferior to...

~大约,如: approximately , about , around , some , nearly , almost , similar to...

/否定,清除,如: clear , settle , solve , tackle , conquer , eliminate , extinct...

≠与 ...... 不同,如: differ from , different from , distinct , unique...

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$ 金钱,利益,如: interest , benefit , money , fund , capital... E .标点

? 问题,麻烦,障碍,如: question , issue , difficult , hardship , barrier , obstacle...

: 主观想法和说辞,如: think , consider , speak , say , talk , mark , announce , declare , hope ,例: repeat 或 reaffirm 可以用 :2 来替代,声明支持可以用 + :来替代,谴责用 - :

。表时间前后,如去年。 y ,明年 y 。,后天 d 。。,前天。。 d ,两周后 w 。。

现列举一个段落来进行一下速记的说明: 女士们,先生们,尊贵的来宾们:

今天我很荣幸能够代表北京大学全体师生向来自美国教育代表团一行致以热烈的欢迎,希望你们在今后的两周内在中国过得愉快。 新东方口译的速记符号系统是这样的: -/+ , VIP ,

d ,⊕代 BJ Uni all wel US Edu dele , :w 。。,⊕□ C 夫君子之所取者远,则必有所待,所就都大,则必有所忍。总之,在考试之前只要做到坚持不懈的练习,水平自然能够得到稳步提高,从而使得自信心随之上升。最后通过考试也就是水到渠成的事情了。在此,笔者衷心希望广大考生能够\"长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海\",并祝愿所有考生顺利通过口试,获得最终的口译证书。

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