本文将对英语中的16种时态及语态进行总结和说明。
一、一般时态 (Simple Tenses)
1. 现在时 (Present Simple)
表示经常性、惯性或普遍真理的动作或状态,如:I go to school every day.
2. 过去时 (Past Simple)
表示过去某个时间完成的动作或存在过的状态,如:She lived in London for ten years.
3. 将来时 (Future Simple)
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态,如:They will travel to Japan next month.
二、进行时态 (Continuous Tenses)
4. 现在进行时 (Present Continuous)
表示现在正在进行的动作,如:He is studying for the exam.
5. 过去进行时 (Past Continuous)
表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作,如:We were playing soccer at that time.
6. 将来进行时 (Future Continuous)
表示将来某个时间将正在进行的动作,如:They will be working on a project at that time.
三、完成时态 (Perfect Tenses)
7. 现在完成时 (Present Perfect)
表示过去某时开始的动作一直延续到现在,或对现在造成影响的过去动作,如:I have seen that movie before.
8. 过去完成时 (Past Perfect)
表示过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生的动作,如:She had already finished her homework when I arrived.
9. 将来完成时 (Future Perfect)
表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作,如:By the time he arrives, I will have finished cooking.
四、完成进行时态 (Perfect Continuous Tenses)
10. 现在完成进行时 (Present Perfect Continuous)
表示从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到现在,且可能还会继续下去的动作,如:They have been waiting for the bus for an hour.
11. 过去完成进行时 (Past Perfect Continuous)
表示过去某个时间之前一直进行的动作,如:She had been studying English for two hours before she went to bed.
12. 将来完成进行时 (Future Perfect Continuous)
表示将来某个时间之前一直进行的动作,如:By the time he arrives, I will have been working for 8 hours.
五、被动语态 (Passive Voice)
13. 现在被动语态 (Present Passive)
表示主语是动作的接受者,如:The book is written by the author.
14. 过去被动语态 (Past Passive)
表示过去发生的动作的接受者,如:The letter was sent by mail.
15. 将来被动语态 (Future Passive)
表示将来动作的接受者,如:The package will be delivered by courier.
16. 现在完成被动语态 (Present Perfect Passive)
表示过去某个时间开始的动作一直延续到现在,且主语是动作的接受者,如:The car has been repaired by a mechanic.
以上是英语中的16种时态及语态的总结,希望对你的研究有所帮助。
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