2020年上海高考英语翻译分类训练

2020年上海高考英语

翻译分类训练

-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

倒装

1. 否定词或词组never, seldom, rarely, hardly, little, never before, under/in no circumstances, by no means,on no account等位于句首,需部分倒装【注：in no time, no wonder, no doubt位于句首，因其表达肯定意义，所以不用倒装】 • 我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大。（Never …）

___________________________________________________________________________ Never has our country been so powerful as it is today.

‚ 自从出国留学以来，她就不再和我们保持联系了。(No longer)

___________________________________________________________________________ No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education. ƒ中国宣布在任何情况下决不首先使用核武器。(under no circumstances)

___________________________________________________________________________ Chinese government announced that under no circumstance did we use the nuclear weapons firstly.

2.Not only...+部分倒装, but also...(不倒装）

他不仅学习努力，而且积极参加各项活动。（Not only…）

_____________________________________________________________________________ Not only does he study hard, but also he takes active part in various activities.

3. Not until (从句不到装）....... + 主句倒装 直到......才... = It is/was not until... that...

• 经历了多次严重自然灾害后，人们才逐渐意识到植树造林的重要性。(until)

(not...until)_________________________________________________________________ People didn’t come to realize the importance of planting trees until they (had) experienced a number of serious natural disasters.

‚ 进了这所寄宿制学校后我才意识到自己以前是多么依赖父母。(Not until)

______________________________________________________________________________

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Not until I entered the boarding school did I realize how much I had depended on my parents before.

4. Hardly/Scarcely + had +主语+ done... ...when/ before + did (过去时） 一......就 ...... No sooner + had +主语+ done ......than + did • 他刚到家，他的太太就开始向他抱怨。(Hardly)

____________________________________________________________________________ Hardly had he arrived home when his wife began to complain to him.

‚ 她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner) _____________________________________________________________________________ No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization.

5. So + adj./adv. ... that... 【主句倒装，that从句不到装】 Such + adj + 名词复数 ... that... + adj. + 不可数名词

• 这小孩太调皮了，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。（So…）

_____________________________________________________________________________ So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.

‚ 这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引入入胜，我简直爱不释手。(Such...)

_____________________________________________________________________________ The historical novel about/describing World War I / the First World War is so attractive that I can’t bear (to do …)/stand parting with it / putting it down (back , aside )/ leaving it aside .

6. 状语从句 (after.../ if.../when... 从句不倒装)

• 只有通过亲身实践，你才能真正理解志愿者服务的重要性。(Only...)

____________________________________________________________________________ Only by practicing personally can you really understand the importance of volunteer service.

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‚ 只有采取严厉的措施，我们才有望看到空气质量的真正改善。(Only)

_____________________________________________________________________________ Only when the government takes strict measures can we expect to see the real improvement of the air quality.

7. n./ adj./adv. + as + 主 + 谓 (as引导部分倒装） 尽管...... 在线预订出租车虽然很时尚，但许多相关问题尚待解决。(as)

____________________________________________________________________________ Fashionable as booking the taxi online is, many relevant problems remain to be solved. 强调

8. It is/was + 被强调成分 + that... 是/正是.......

• 正是通过远程教育，玛丽学会了如何进行个人投资。 （It）

___________________________________________________________________________ It is through distance education that Mary learns how to make personal investment ‚ 在有些情况下，重要的不是结果，而是你是否享受了这个过程。(matter)

___________________________________________________________________________ In some cases what matters is not the result but whether you enjoy the process. ƒ 就是在我们经常购物的那家超市我偶然遇到了我们过去的班主任。(It)

___________________________________________________________________________ It was in the supermarket where we often went shopping that I met with our former class teacher.

④ 是什么使他在一次交通事故中丧命？(cost)

____________________________________________________________________________ What is it that makes him cost his life in an accident?

9. Do + 动词原形 务必 ...... = Be sure to + 动词原形

为了您的家庭幸福，务必遵守交通规则。（Do...）

____________________________________________________________________________

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Do obey / observe / keep / follow traffic rules for the happiness of your family. It/it用法

10. It is + adj./n. + (for/of ) sb to do.../ that/wh-...

• 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。（It...）

_____________________________________________________________________________ It’s very hard for those who haven’t been to the small village to describe its beauty . ‚ 在我学习时你把收音机关小你真得很体谅人。(It...)

_____________________________________________________________________________ It is very considerate of you to turn down the radio when I am studying. ƒ 能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It)

_____________________________________________________________________________ It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games.

11. It is obvious/clear/apparent that... = Obviously/Clearly/Apparently...,显然... ...

很显然，他与昨天发生的事毫无关系。(It)

_______________________________________________________________________ It is obvious that he has nothing to do with what happened yesterday.

It is (more/less) likely that... = sb/sth be (more/less) likely to do (很/不太)可能......

他可能把办公室的钥匙忘在图书馆了。(likely)

______________________________________________________________________ He is likely to have left the official key in the library. It is possible that/to do... 可能......

你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗？(possible)

_______________________________________________________________________ Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening?

It is certain that... = sb/sth be certain to do (= be sure/bound to do) 一定会...

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大量砍伐树木肯定会破坏生态平衡。

_______________________________________________________________________ It is certain that cutting down trees in large numbers will destroy the balance of the nature. It is unbelievable/incredible that...= It is hard to believe/(imagine) that...很难相信...... 很难相信有些年轻人在结婚只有一个月后就离婚。

_______________________________________________________________________ It is hard to believe that some young people divorce after they get married only one month. It is no wonder that... = No wonder... 难怪

【区分：There is no doubt that...= No doubt, ... 毋庸置疑 】 这本书不仅有插图，还配有光盘，难怪孩子们如此喜欢。(no wonder)

________________________________________________________________________ No wonder children like this book very much because it has not only illustrations but also CDs.

12. It is + ed分词 + that...

It is said/ reported/ believed/ recorded that... 据说/据报道/据信/据记载...... = sb/sth be said/reported/believed /recorded to do... 据说，中国人比西方人更早使用纸币。(It)

__________________________________________________________________________ . It is said that Chinese started to use notes/paper money earlier than westerners. 据报道这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。（It...）

__________________________________________________________________________ It is reported that the wild plant is rich in / contains / has a lot of vitamins. It is known to all that... 众所周知 = As we all know/ As is known to all, ....

众所周知，均衡的饮食和充足的锻炼是保持健康的关键。(It)

___________________________________________________________________________ It is known to all that well-balanced diet and adequate exercises are the key to keeping fit. It is estimated that... 据估计......

据估计今年将有百分之三十的大学毕业生存在就业困难。(It...)

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___________________________________________________________________________ It is estimated that there will be about 30% graduates who have difficulty in job hunting this year.

It has been proved that... 业已证明/事实证明... 事实证明，父母的言行对孩子有很深的影响。(influence)

___________________________________________________________________________ It has been proved that parents’ behaviors and words have a great influence on children. It is taken for granted that... ...... 认为是理所当然/天经地义的 在西方，超过18岁的年轻人生活被认为是理所当然。(grant)

__________________________________________________________________________ In western countries it is taken for granted that the young people who are more than 18 years old live independently.

13. It + 不及物动词 + that...

It seems/appears that...= sb/sth seems/ appears to do/be doing/have done 似乎...... 【补：There seem(s)/ appear(s) to be... 似乎有... It seems as if... 似乎/好像.......】

似乎年轻父母更注重孩子的语言学习。(seem)

__________________________________________________________________________ It seems that young parents pay more attention to children learning languages . It (so) happens that... = sb/sth happens to do/be doing/have done 碰巧...... 碰巧我的想法和你的很相似。(happen)

_________________________________________________________________________ It happens that my idea is similar to yours.

It occurs to sb that... / It has never occurred to sb that... 某人突然/从未想到...... = sth occur(red) to sb...

我从未想到过会在机场遇到多年未曾谋面的老朋友。(It)

_________________________________________________________________________

It never occurred to me that I met with my old friend who I hadn’t seen for many years.

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14. It is no use/good doing sth 做...没有用/没什么好处 【类似：There is no need (for sb) to do... 没有必要做... There is no point (in) doing sth 做...没有用/意义 There is no denying (the fact) that... 无可否认 】 • 抄袭他人作业是没用的。(use)

________________________________________________________________________

It is no use copying others’ homework.

‚ 你把时间浪费在抱怨过去的失败上是没有必要的。(need)

_________________________________________________________________________

There is no need for you to complain about the past failure.

ƒ 既然他已下定决心出国深造，劝说他回心转意还有意义吗？(point)

_________________________________________________________________________

Since he is determined to go abroad for further study, is there any point in persuading him to change his view?

15. It takes sb st to do sth/ It takes st. for sb. to do sth. 某人花费多少时间做某事 完成这项任务要花好几个月的时间。(take)

___________________________________________________________________

It will take several months to finish the task.

16. It is time (for sb) to do / that... (虚拟，从句用过去式） 我们打篮球的时间到了。(time)

_____________________________________________________________________

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It’s time for us to play basketball.

17. It remains unknown/ a problem/ to be seen whether... ......还不得而知 = Whether... remains unknown/ a problem/ to be seen 【remain + n./adj./to be done】

这款新药对感染了这种病毒的病人是否有效尚不知晓。(remain)

_________________________________________________________________________

It remains unknown whether this kind of new medicine has an effect on the patients who are infected with this virus.

18. It is good/bad manners to do/ that... ...是有/没有礼貌的 在禁止吸烟的公共场所抽烟是不良行为。(manners)

_________________________________________________________________________

It is bad manners to smoke in non-smoking public places.

19. 主语 + think/consider/find/feel/make + it + adj/n + (for sb) that… • 我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。(...it...)

__________________________________________________________________________

I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.

‚ 各种各样的媒体使我们有可能及时地获得许多有价值的信息。(it)

__________________________________________________________________________

Various media make it possible for us to obtain much valuable information.

20. sb take it for granted that... / take sth for granted (不要）认为......是理所当然的

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/ Don’t take it for granted that...

不要想当然地认为所有的问题通过一次讨论就能解决。(grant)

_______________________________________________________________________

Don’t take it for granted that all problems can be solved by discussing only once.

祈使、感叹句

21. 祈使句，+and /or +陈述句

学习更努力些，你就会被你一直梦想的那所大学录取。(and)

______________________________________________________________________

Study harder and you will be admitted into the university which you have been dreaming of. 请尽早做出决定，不然你会坐失良机。（or）

______________________________________________________________________ Please make a decision as soon as possible or you will miss the golden chance.

22. What +a/an +adj+n(单)+S+V ! / What +adj+n(复)+S+V ! / What+adj+n(不可数)+S+V ! How +adj +a(an) + n(单)+S+V ! How +句子 !

夏日炎炎之时游泳，该多轻松痛快啊！（How）

____________________________________________________________

How relaxing and enjoyable swimming is in the hot summer! 我多想念在老家度过的日子！(miss)

How much I miss the days which I spent in the hometown.

____________________________________________________________ 语态

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23. 当动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时，用被动语态。 •这里的菜烧得很好，还有免费蛋糕供应。（provide）

____________________________________________________________________________

The dishes are well cooked here and free cakes are provided. ‚应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage)

_____________________________________________________________________________

Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points.

ƒ上周末，公园里举行了一场音乐会。(hold)

_____________________________________________________________________________

2. A concert was held in the park last weekend.

④必须立刻采取措施来防止该疾病蔓延。(prevent)

_____________________________________________________________________________

Immediate measures must be taken to prevent the diseases from spreading. …应该特别关注帮助残疾人找到合适的工作。(attention)

______________________________________________________________________________

Special attention should be paid to help the disabled people find the suitable job.

名词性从句

24. Whether... (mainly/largely/to some extent) depends on... ......（主要)取决于......

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一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。（Whether…）

___________________________________________________________________

Whether a book sells well depends on many/various factors.

25. What surprises/amazes/delights/worries/disappoints/annoys/puzzles/impresses /relieves sb is sth/ that...令人惊讶/高兴/担忧/失望/生气/困惑/印象深刻/宽慰的是...... (有些短语可表达为: To one’s

surprise/amazement/delight/disappointment/relief, ...)

【 What is (most) important/ matters (most) is that./wh-... (最)重要的是...... What sb cares about/lacks is that/wh- 某人在意/缺乏的是... 】

•令同学们高兴的是他们在假期中也能使用学校图书馆。（What; access）

___________________________________________________________________________

What delights students is that they have access to the school library during the holiday.

‚给我印象最深的是我的学生最近几个月在英语上取得很大进步。(What)

____________________________________________________________________________

What impresses me most is that my students have made great progress in English in recent months.

ƒ公司在意的不是员工的长相, 而是他们的工作表现。(care)

____________________________________________________________________________

What the company cares about is not the employees’ appearances but their job performances.

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④我发现他演讲中缺少的是幽默感。(what)

____________________________________________________________________________

I find what he lacks in his speech is sense of humor

26. Whoever/Whatever + 引导主语从句 + 谓语...... 无论... = Anyone who/ Anything that.. + 谓语......

无论人们在梦中说了什么都是他们潜意识的反映。(Whatever)

_____________________________________________________________________________

Whatever people said in their dream is the reflection of their subconsciousness. 无论谁违法，他或她将受到法律的惩罚。 (Whoever)

_____________________________________________________________________________

Whoever breaks the law, he or she will be punished by the law.

27. The reason why/for sth ... is that... ...的原因是... 因为缺少实践，他没有通过驾驶考试。（reason）

______________________________________________________________________________

The reason why he didn't pass the driving test was lack of practice/ that he lacked practice.

28. Word came that... 消息传来 【引导同位语从句】 There is (little) chance/possibility that... 有/没有可能... the fact/news/choice that...

•有消息传来，不久那个地区可能还有一次危险的地震发生。(Word)

_____________________________________________________________________________

Word comes that it won’t be long before a dangerous earthquake occurs in that area.

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‚缺乏实践经验的大学毕业生不太可能马上找到高薪的工作。(little chance)

_____________________________________________________________________________

There is little chance that the graduates who lack practice experience will find a well-paid job at once.

ƒ听到2008年在北京举办奥运会的消息时，人们欣喜若狂。（news that）

_____________________________________________________________________________

Hearing the news that Beijing will host the Olympics in 2008, people are wild with joy.

他无法忍受没有被提升为部门经理这一事实。(put)

_____________________________________________________________________________ He couldn’t put up with the fact that he was not promoted to department manager.

…同众人一样,你很快就会得出下个结论：最便宜、最可靠的交通方式就是你的双腿。 (conclusion)

_____________________________________________________________________________ Like others, you will draw a conclusion soon that the cheapest and the most reliable means of transportation is your legs.

定语从句

29. when/where/why (从句不缺成分) .......的 +名词

• 为追求时尚付出高昂代价的人应该尽早改变这种生活方式。(those)

____________________________________________________________________________

Those who follow the fashion at great cost should change their lifestyle as soon as possible.

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‚ 在展览会上,公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate) _____________________________________________________________________________

2.At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to.

ƒ不少独居老人都希望自己的子女常回家看看。(who)

_____________________________________________________________________________

4. Many old people who live alone hope that their kids will visit them often.

30. 主句，which... . (主句) ，这...... 【引导非性定语从句】 •这个国家经常卷入战争, 这就是它极端贫穷的原因。(which)

____________________________________________________________________________

This country is often involved in the war, which is the reason why it is extremely poor.

‚他在一些不重要的事情上花费时间太多, 这导致了整个计划的失败。(which)

____________________________________________________________________________

He spent too much time on some unimportant things, which led to the failure of the whole plan.

ƒ中国的经济每年增长百分之八左右，这使世界上许多正遭受经济危机的国家非常震惊。(which)

____________________________________________________________________________

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The China’s economy increases by about 8% each year, which shocks many countries that are suffering the economic crisis. 状语从句

31. It is/has been + (一段时间)+ since (瞬间动词的过去时) 自(从)……已经多久了 人类首次登月距今近四十年。（since）

___________________________________________________________________________ It has been 40 years since human beings first landed on the moon

自从他离开上海以后，我们一直靠电子邮件保持联系。（since）

____________________________________________________________________________

We have kept in contact with each other by emails since he left Shanghai.

32. It will be /won’t be +一段时间+ before (现在时) 要过多久才……/ 过不了多久就......

It was/ wasn’t +一段时间+ before (过去时) 过了多久才……/ 没过多久就......

•要不了多久，我们就会知道考试结果。(before)

_____________________________________________________

______________________

It won’t be long before we know the result of the exam.

‚过了许多年这一秘密才被泄露出来。（before）

___________________________________________________________________________

It was many years before the secret was revealed.

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ƒ没过多久，我就发现他不是一个容易打交道的同事。(before)

__________________________________________________________________________ It was not long before I found he was not an colleague who was easy to get along well with

u before “还没有; 尚未；没来得及...；然后” 演出还没有结束，孩子们就睡着了。(before)

___________________________________________________________________________

The children had fallen asleep/gone to sleep before the performance ended/was over.

我们将作进一步的讨论，然后再作出最终结论。（before）

___________________________________________________________________________

we will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion

33. The moment /minute /instant +从句，主句... 一……就……

【=As soon as; / On(Upon )+ doing; / hardly...when.../ no sooner...than...】 你一收到这封信，你会知道他发生了什么事。（The moment）

____________________________________________________________________________

The moment you receive this letter, you will know what happened to him. 从踏上陌生国土的那一刻起，李华就意识到入乡随俗至关重要。（the moment） ____________________________________________________________________________

The moment he stepped on the foreign land, Li Hua realized that it was important to follow the local customs.

34. The first /last time + 从句 (过去时)，主句 (过去时). 第一次... ....

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Each time / Every time +从句, 主句.... 每次...... •我第一次写英语作文时，犯了许多拼写错误。（make）

_____________________________________________________________________________

I made many spelling mistakes the first time I wrote the English writing.

‚第一次看Gangnam Style的时候,其生动的节奏,富有创意的舞蹈,给我留下了深刻的印象。（The first time）

______________________________________________________________________________

The first time I watched Gangnam Style, its lively rhythm and creative dance left a deep impression on me.

ƒ每次我向她请教，她总是有求必应，而且解释得令我十分满意。（satisfaction）

_____________________________________________________________________________

Every time I ask her for advice, she is always ready to help, and explains to my full satisfaction. 35. This/It be the first/second/third time that+ 从句 (用完成时态) 这是(某人)第一次...... 这是他第一次在校运会上获得冠军的称号。（the first time）

__________________________________________________________________________

It is the first time that he has won the title of the championship.

这是我一周内第三次提醒你不要迟到。（the third time）

__________________________________________________________________________

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It is the third time that I have reminded you not to be late during a week.

36. by the time 到...时候为止 (主句用将来/过去完成时 will have done/had done) 到今年大学毕业，他学习英语将有十五年了。(by the time)

_______________________________________________________________________

By the time he graduates from the university this year, he will have learned English for 15 years.

到去年大学毕业，他学习英语已有十五年了。(by the time)

_________________________________________________________________________

By the time he graduated from the university last

year, he had learned English for 15 years.

37. be about to do/ be doing... when... 正要做/正在做.....突然......

我刚要关掉电视，这时一档新闻节目引起了我的兴趣。(when)

___________________________________________________________________________

I was about to turn off TV when a news show aroused my interest. 38. now that (=since) 既然 (引导原因状语从句） seeing that (= as) 因为,由于 in that (= because) 因为

due to= owing to= because of +短语 (后接the fact that +句子) 由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。(As)

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____________________________________________________________________________

As more and more forests are cut, some animals are facing in danger of extinction.

由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing)

____________________________________________________________________________

The flight was delayed for several hours owing to bad weather.

despite/in spite of + the fact that... 尽管，虽然...... what...

= although/though +从句 (引导让步状语从句)

尽管有很多困难，我们仍将努力执行我们的计划。（spite）

___________________________________________________________________________

In spite of many difficulties, we still try to carry out our plan.

尽管山高密林，医护队员还是迅速地赶到了出事地点，实施救援。(despite)

___________________________________________________________________________

Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue/to carry out the rescue.

尽管他病了，他坚持做他的研究。(spite)

___________________________________________________________________________

In spite of his illness, he insisted on doing his research.

40. Whatever/ No matter what + n +主+谓, 无论......

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However / No matter how+ adj. + 主+谓，

如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever)

___________________________________________________________________________

If you can find whatever learning method (that) suits you, your study / learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.

无论风多大、雨多急，一直坚守在岗位上。(no matter…)

___________________________________________________________________________

No matter how hard the rain falls and the wind blows, the police keep to their posts.

41. ...so/such ... that (+从句)/as to do... 如此......以致于......(引导结果状语从句)

...so that/in order that (+ sb can/could ) 为了...... (引导目的状语从句)

= ...so as to do/ in order to do...

• 这些十八世纪的油画保存得这样好，使参观者大为惊叹。(so…that)

__________________________________________________________________________

These eighteenth-century oil paintings have been/are preserved so well that the visitors are

greatly amazed/ impressed.

‚ 彼得每月留出一点钱以便在不久的将来购买一辆新汽车。（set）

__________________________________________________________________________

21

Peter sets aside a little money in order that he can afford to buy a new car in the near future.

42. in case +从句/ in case of +短语 以免; 万一 (从句用一般现在时或should/might)

for fear that +从句/ for fear of +短语 唯恐;以免

务必通知他在飞机起飞前半小时到达机场以免误了飞机。(in case)

__________________________________________________________________________

Do inform him to arrive at the airport half an hour before the aircraft takes off in case he misses the flight.

家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear)

__________________________________________________________________________

Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen.

43. as/so long as... 只要 【引导条件状语从句】 unless... (= if not) 除非;如果不

只要专心学习，你一定能顺利通过考试。（concentrate）

____________________________________________________________________________

You can pass the exam successfully as long as you concentrate on your study.

如果队员之间不加强配合，我校篮球队就不可能在决赛中战胜对手。（unless）

____________________________________________________________________________

22

Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match/final(s) unless the team members strengthen their cooperation / cooperate well with each other.

44. as + adj/adv.原级 + as not so/as...as... adj./adv.比较级... + than...

经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as ... as)

_____________________________________________________________________________

After years of / years’ construction, the little town is now as lively as it was before the earthquake / it used to be before the earthquake.

没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)

_____________________________________________________________________________

There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel program.

45. The more..., the more... 越......, 越......

•家长对他们的孩子期望越多，他们的失望就越大。(the more… the more)

___________________________________________________________________________ The more their parents expect of their children, the more disappointed they are.

‚你的英语词汇越多，你会发现做阅读理解越容易。(the more..)

___________________________________________________________________________

The more English vocabularies you have, the easier you will find it to do reading comprehension.

23

ƒ面对困难你越是镇定自若，就越有可能克服它们。(likely)

___________________________________________________________________________

The calmer you are when you are faced with difficulties, the more likely you will be to overcome them.

④你吸烟越少，对你周围的人好处越多。(the more...,the more)

___________________________________________________________________________

The less you smoke, the more good you will do to others around you. 非谓语

46. too + adj./adv. + (for sb) + to do 太......而不能

be only too……to do …… 非常......去做 【only too=really相当，非常】 can not/never...too... 再......也不为过 be enough (for sb) to do... 足以...

这个游戏的规则太复杂，三言两语解释不清。（too … to）

_________________________________________________________________________

The rules of the game are too complicated to explain/be explained in a few words.

商店经理总是告诫他的店员们：“我们再怎么对顾客有礼貌都不为过。”

_________________________________________________________________________

The shop manager always warn his employees that we can not be too polite.

47. only to do 结果却......

just to do = simply to do 仅仅为了，只是为了 so as to do = in order to do = to do (目的是)为了...

24

so/such...as to do 如此...以至于...

他喜欢嘲笑别人, 结果发现自己被比别人嘲笑。(only to)

_________________________________________________________________________

He likes laughing at others, only to find that he is laughed by others.

毫无疑问，老师挑你作业里的毛病是为了帮助你取得更大的进步。(fault)

__________________________________________________________________________

There is no doubt that the teacher find fault with your homework in order to help you make greater progress.

48. 动名词做主语 (Doing + v. + ...) 【确认句子的谓语动词】 只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。（keep）

____________________________________________________________________________

Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.

每天摄入太多的盐和糖会对人体的健康造成严重的损害。(take in)

____________________________________________________________________________

Taking in too much salt and sugar every day will cause serious damage to people's health.

49. “to”为介词的词组:

look forward to doing 翘首以盼 ( have always been dreaming of 梦寐以求) pay attention to doing 注意...... (attach importance to doing 重视) devote oneself to doing = (sb) be devoted to doing 致力于；献身于 object to doing = be opposed to doing 反对... (=be against)

stick to doing 坚持做...... (insist on doing; persist in doing; persevere in doing) contribute to doing 对...做贡献；有助于；成为......的原因

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be/get used/accustomed to doing 习惯于做... the key to doing ......的关键 When it comes to doing... 当谈到.....

•我们盼望能参加下星期举行的艺术节开幕式。(look forward to)

__________________________________________________________________________

‚他总是全心全意帮助那些向他求助的人。 (devote)

__________________________________________________________________________

He is always devoted to helping those who turn to him for help.

ƒ我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)

__________________________________________________________________________

I'm accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep. 诚实和勤奋助于成功和幸福。(contribute)

__________________________________________________________________________ Honesty and diligence contribute to success and happiness.

mean doing 意味着 regret doing 后悔做过 try doing 试着做

•他很后悔失去了获得奖学金的机会。（regret）

__________________________________________________________________________ He regrets losing the opportunity to obtain the scholarship. ‚安全系统不会允许你进入大楼，除非你有正确的密码。(allow)

_________________________________________________________________________

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The security system will not permit/allow you to enter the building unless you have the correct password.

51. 分词做状语/定语 【可以和状语从句/定语从句互换】

•看到奶奶有些睡意，他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)

_______________________________________________________________________ Seeing Grandma a little sleepy, he drew the curtains and turned the TV down

‚年龄6至10岁的男孩通常很顽皮。(range v. 分词作定语)

_______________________________________________________________________ Boys raging from 6 years old to 10 years old are usually naughty ƒ昨晚有许多人等在剧院前想一睹那位歌星的风采. (there be )

_______________________________________________________________________ There were a lot of people waiting in front of the theatre yesterday evening to have a glance at the star singer.

整个上午他都在忙于写那篇故事，只是偶尔停下来喝杯茶。(break off)

________________________________________________________________________

He was busy writing the story all the morning, only breaking off occasionally to have a cup of tea.

52. 分词/不定式做状语时一些固定词组：

Generally/Frankly/Strictly /Relatively speaking 一般/坦白/严格来说/相对而言 Judging from/by 从...判断

Considering sth/that... 考虑到... (=in view of 鉴于) Speaking/Talking of... 说起/谈到...... Compared with... 和......比起来

To tell you the truth/ To be frank/To be honest/To begin with

•一般来说，老年人可以每天服一些维生素片来弥补营养的缺乏。(make up)

____________________________________________________________________________

27

In general the old can make up for the lack of nutrition by taking vitamin tablets on a daily basis

‚说到那家公司的福利和工作条件，所有的员工都闭口不谈。(speak of)

____________________________________________________________________________ All the employees halted to silence when they were asked about the welfare and the work condition of the company.

ƒ从他的言行来看，他不是一个目光短浅的人。(judge)

_____________________________________________________________________________ Judging from his words and deeds,he is not a short-sighted man.

同其他学生相比，那个女孩有更强的英语听、说能力。（compare）

_____________________________________________________________________________ Compared with other students,the girl has better listening and speaking abilities in English. 短语

53. sth. be available to sb 某物对某人来说可得到 sp/sth be accessible to sb 某人可到达、接近某地(物) = sb have access to sth/sp

青少年如今均可享受优质教育。(available)

________________________________________________________________________ High quality / Quality / Excellent education is available to teen-agers / youngsters now / nowadays.

没有许可，你不能使用该图书馆的设施。(access)

________________________________________________________________________

Without permission, you won't have access to the library's facilities.

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. be ahead of/ behind sb. (in..) (在...方面) 胜过/落后某人 be superior/inferior to sb (in...) (在...方面) 优于/劣于某人 be equal to sb (in...) / equal(v.)...in (=match...in...) (在...方面)与......相等 / 匹敌

一名熟练的工人在许多方面要优于毫无经验的新手，是被普遍认可的。(superior) _________________________________________________________________________

It is generally accepted that a proficient（experienced）worker is superior to an inexperienced green hand.

55. apologize to sb for sth (=make an apology to sb for sth) 为...向某人道歉 complain to sb about sth/that... (=make a complaint about/that...) 向...抱怨/投诉

邻居告诉我母亲如果我再把摇滚乐开到半夜，他们就要向投诉我了。(complain) _________________________________________________________________________ The neighbors tells my mothers that they will call the police if I play the rocking music until deep night.

56. sth appeal to sb 某物吸引某人 (= sth attract sb)

sb appeal to sb to do sth = call on sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事 你对上周美术馆展出的那些画感兴趣吗？(appeal)

_________________________________________________________________________

Do those paintings exhibited in the gallery last week appeal to you?

这些广告旨在吸引消费者购买商品。(appeal)

_________________________________________________________________________ These advertisements aim at appealing to customers to buy goods.

57. apply (to sb ) for sth (向某人)申请...

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apply...to... 把......应用于......

要申请这个职位, 你必须有团队合作精神和良好的沟通技能。(apply)

_______________________________________________________________________

To apply for the position, you must have teamwork spirit and excellent communication skills.

应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。（apply）

________________________________________________________________________

Students should be encouraged/We should encourage students to apply what they have learned in class to practice .

58. assure sb of sth /that... 向(某人)保证，使(某人)相信...... (=convince sb of sth/that sb be convinced that 某人坚信) ensure sth/that... 确保......

make sure that/wh-... 确保 (从句用一般现在时) 【= see to it that...】 sb be sure to do 一定会 Be sure to do 一定/务必做......

•老师使她相信她的儿子因学习努力已被提前入取进入大学。(assure)

_______________________________________________________________________

The teacher assured her that her son had been admitted into the university in advance because of hard study.

‚正不遗余力地防止河流受到污染，以确保人们拥有良好的生活环境。(ensure)

_______________________________________________________________________

The Government is making every effort to prevent the rivers from being polluted to ensure people living in good environment.

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ƒ我的父亲总要确信所有的灯都已关上后才离家。（make sure）

________________________________________________________________________

My father always makes sure that all the lights are turned off before he leaves home.

天气降温时，务必多加一件厚外套。(sure)

________________________________________________________________________

Be sure to wear an extra thick coat when the temperature drops.

59. award sb sth for = award sth to sb for 因......授予某人......奖

【= sb be awarded sth (for)】 (近义：sb be honored (sth) for 因......受到表彰、嘉奖)

reward sb with sth for 因......以某物回报某人 导演得知自己的影片获奖，感到无比自豪。(award)

__________________________________________________________________________

Learning that he was awarded /won an award for his film, the director felt very proud of himself/was full of pride.

60. be (fully/well) aware/conscious of/that/wh- (充分)意识到...... 【= fully realize】 越来越多的人意识到遵守交通规则的重要性。（aware）

_________________________________________________________________________

More and more people are aware of the importance of observing traffic regulation

61. sth benefit sb = sb benefit from sth 某事物使某人受益，某人得益于某事物 简单的生活方式有利于环保。(benefit)

_______________________________________________________________

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Simple lifestyle benefits/ is of great benefit to environmental protection.

62. blame sb for sth = blame sth on sb 因某事责备某人/ 把......归咎与某人 sb/sth be to blame for 因......应受责备 有人把交通拥堵归咎于自行车数量太多。(blame)

_______________________________________________________________________

Some people blame traffic jams on the large number of people.

他觉得他们之间的冷淡都怪他自己。(blame)

_______________________________________________________________________ He thinks the coldness between them is to blame for himself.

63. be busy with sth/ be busy doing sth 忙于...... ( = be occupied with sth/ in doing sth)

虽然工作繁忙，每天我们都应该匀出一点时间锻炼身体，放松心情。(busy)

________________________________________________________________________

Although we are busy with our work, we should set aside some time every day to take exercise to relax ourselves.

. can do nothing but do sth = can’t do anyting but do sth. 什么都不能做，只得... have no choice/alternative but to do sth. 除了做某事之外，别无其它选择 can’t help doing = can’t help but do = can’t but do 禁不住......;不得不...... 【区分: can’t help (to) do 不能帮助做......】

当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。（choice）

_________________________________________________________________________

At that time, the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourist/ traveler (for help).

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听到她父母亲不幸在车祸中遇难的消息时，她情不自禁地哭了起来。(help)

_________________________________________________________________________

She couldn't help crying when she heard that her parents were dead in the car accident.

65. be composed of = consist of = be made up of 由......组成

一个由科学家、教授、教师组成的代表团于上星期取道日本前往美国。(consist of , by way of)

_________________________________________________________________________ A delegation which consist of scientists, professors and teachers left for American by way of Japan.

66. combine A with B 把A与B相结合

associate/connect A with B 把A与B联系/连接起来 relate A to B [be (closely) related to 与......密切相关]

如果你不把所学的知识与实践结合起来的话，你不会取得很大进步的。（unless; combine） _____________________________________________________________________________

You won’t make greater progress unless you combine what you have learned with practice.

这项研究表明人的成就与态度有关。(relate)

_____________________________________________________________________________

The research indicates that one’s achievement is related to his attitude.

67. consider ... (as/to be)... 把......看作......

【= regard/view/see/think of / look on ...as... 把......视作...】

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【类似：remember...as.../ label...as.../ recognize...as... /describe...as.../ choose...as/ elect...as】

人们认为信心和勤奋是成功的关键。(consider)

___________________________________________________________________________

People consider confidence and patience as the key to success.

因为他的优秀作品，莫言被公认为是世界上一名伟大的作家。(recognize)

___________________________________________________________________________

Mo Yan is recognized as a great writer in the world for his excellent works.

68. On the contrary 正相反 【By/In contrast 相比之下】

Contrary to (one’s expectation/what sb (had) expected/wish) 与某人原来的期待/愿望相反 be contrary to 与...相反

青年人不应该回避困难，相反，应该千方百计克服它们。（contrary）

_________________________________________________________________________

Young people should not avoid difficulties. On the contrary, they should try their best to overcome them

和我们预料的正好相反，这次考试证明是相当难的。(contrary to)

_________________________________________________________________________

Contrary to our expectation, this test proves to be very difficult.

69. if (it is) convenient (to/for you) 如果你方便的话 if (it is) possible/necessary 如有可能/必要

如果方便的话，请帮我从邮局取回包裹。（convenient）

_________________________________________________________________________

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If (it is) convenient, please fetch me the parcel from the post office / please go to the post office and fetch me the parcel.

70. decide to do sth = make a decision to do sth 决定做...... determine to do sth = be determined to do sth 下决心做......

= make up one’s mind to do sth 他下定决心要实现抱负。(determine)

_________________________________________________________________________

He is determined to realize/accomplish/achieve/fulfill his ambition

71. differ from... (in) = be (totally) different from... (in...) (在......方面)与......(截然)不同 be similar to... (in) (在......方面)与.....类似

从我所观察到的情况判断,这两个孪生兄弟在外貌上非常相似,可在性格上截然相反。(similar) _____________________________________________________________________________

Judging from what I have observed, the twin brothers are similar in appearance but are totally different in personality.

72. have (no) difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 有/没有困难做某事 have a good (hard) time / fun (in) doing sth

因为这是他第一次来这座城市，所以他很费劲才找到了那家朋友推荐的饭店。(trouble) _____________________________________________________________________________

Since this was the first time that he had been to this city, he had great difficulty finding the restaurant his friend recommended.

73. be a great drain on 极大地消耗了......

没日没夜地工作对他的健康消耗很大，因此不久他就病倒了。(drain)

35

____________________________________________________________________________

Working day and night was a great drain on his health/drained his health greatly, so he fell ill soon

74. have /produce a(n) (great/positive/negative/immediate ) effect/effects on 对...有(产生)影响/效果 【= affect (vt) sb/sth】

have/make a great/huge impact on 对......产生重大影响 have a great influence on = influence...greatly 对......的影响很大 博客迅捷、方便，已对社会产生了巨大的影响。(impact)

___________________________________________________________________________

Blog which is fast and convenient impact the society greatly. 这小孩吃东西挑剔，这影响了他的健康成长。(affect)

___________________________________________________________________________

The child is particular about food, which affect his health growth.

75.“努力做某事”的不同表达：

try (one’s best) to do = do what sb can/could to do 竭尽全力做某事 try every means to do 想方设法 make great efforts to do sth 努力做某事

make every effort to do sth = spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事 strive for/to do 为......而努力

take great pains to do sth 煞费苦心做某事 take the trouble to do 不辞辛劳地去做

他在昨天的比赛中表现很好，但很少有人意识到他做出的巨大努力。(effort)

__________________________________________________________________________

36

He performed well in yesterday’s match, but few people could realize thegreat efforts he had made.

这个故事激励年轻人为更美好的生活奋斗。 (strive）

__________________________________________________________________________

The story inspires/inspired the youth /young people to struggle/strive for a better life. 76. enable sb to do sth 使某人能够做某事

entitle sb to sth/ to do sth 把...的权利或资格给某人 【= sb be entitled to do】 • 和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。（enable）

________________________________________________________________________ Working with the gardeners enables / enabled us to learn a lot/gain/obtain a lot of knowledge about flowers.

‚ 在场的观众有权力为他们喜欢的歌星投票. (entitle)

________________________________________________________________________ The audience present are entitled to vote for their favorite singer.

77. expect (sb) to do 期望...做...; 预料...会... 【被动: sb be expected to do】 (注：hope for sth/ hope to do/that ＊无sb be hoped to do) expect sth of sb 对某人期望某物

as / than expected 正如预料的那样/比预料的更... beyond one’s expectation 出乎意料 【= unexpectedly】 别对她期望太高，她毕竟只是一个新手。(expect)

________________________________________________________________________

Don’t expect too much of her, for she is only/no more than a green hand/beginner/fresh hand.

37

所有年龄在18岁到45岁之间的男子，战争期间都必须参军。（expect）

________________________________________________________________________

Men who are from 18 years old to 45 years old are expected to join the army during the war.

78. expose sb/sth to sth 使...接触...;使...暴露于... (sb) be exposed to 接触... ;暴露于...

对语言学习者来说，接触英文材料并养成好的习惯能提高学习效率。(expose) ________________________________________________________________________ For language learners, being exposed to English materials and developing good habits can enhance learning efficiency.

79. sth face sth = sb be faced with sth 某人面临某事物 sb be familiar with sth = sth be familiar to sb 某人熟悉某物 •面对危险我们必须保持冷静。(face)

_________________________________________________________________________ In face of danger / Facing danger / When facing danger,one / you / we must keep calm. ‚演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)

_________________________________________________________________________

The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties.

80. be far from 远非 【＊be far (away) from 远离】 be far from enough/satisfactory 远远不够/远不令人满意

尽管已经实施了更为严厉的交通法规，这里的交通状况远不能令人满意。(far from) __________________________________________________________________________

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Although severer traffic regulations have been carried out, the traffic situation is far from (being) satisfactory.

81. be in favor of sth/sb. = favor sth/sb. 支持、赞同 【= be for = be on one’s side 反对: be against】 favor sb/sth 偏爱，青睐

do sb a favor / ask a favor of sb 帮某人个忙 / 请某人帮个忙 许多市民中意乘地铁,是因为它不会发生交通拥堵. (favor)

________________________________________________________________________ Many citizens are in favor of taking a subway because it won't meet a traffic jam.

所有队员都赞成他的提议。(favor)

________________________________________________________________________ All (the) team members are in favour of his proposal.

82. “对......有好处；有助于；有益于”的表达：

do good to = be good for 【反义: do harm to = be harmful to = be bad for】 be helpful to (doing) / be beneficial to (doing) help to do / help sb (to) do contribute to doing

培养一种爱好有利于身心健康。（good）

______________________________________________________________________ Developing a hobby does good to mental health

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小组讨论有助于更好地理解课文。（help）

______________________________________________________________________ Group discussion helps (to) understand the text better.

83. “(因某事)而感谢(某人)”的表达： be grateful/thankful to sb for sth

be much obliged to sb for sth 【＊be obliged to do = be forced to do】 appreciate(v.) one’s doing

I’d appreciate it (very much) if you’d ... thank sb for sth

extend one’s thanks to sb (for sth)

•非常感谢我不在的时候你对我孩子的照顾。（grateful）

_________________________________________________________________________

I am very grateful to you for looking after my children when I was away.

‚我谢谢你提供了这么好的一次练习说英语的机会。(appreciate)

_________________________________________________________________________

I appreciate your providing me with such a good chance to practice speaking English.

ƒ如你能帮我推荐一本语法书，我将不胜感激。(if)

_________________________________________________________________________

I would appreciate it very much if could recommend me a French book.

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84. in honor of 为纪念；为祝贺

【类似用法：in memory of / in search of / on behalf of (sb)】 It’s a great honor for sb to do sth 做某事是某人极大的荣耀 据说今晚公司将设宴招待澳大利亚专家。（honor）

______________________________________________________

___________________

It is said that the company will hold a banquet this evening in honor of the experts from Australia.

为了纪念那些勇敢地消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。(memory)

_________________________________________________________________________

A film will be made/shot in memory of those brave firefighters．

85. sth deeply impress sb = sb be deeply impressed by sth 某事物给某人留下深刻印象 leave/have/make ... impression on sb 给某人留下...印象 What deeply impresses sb is sth/that... 给某人印象深刻的是...... 他给我的第一印象是他非常有才华. (impression)

________________________________________________________________________ The first impression he gave me was that he was very talented.

他总是全力以赴面对挑战，这使大家印象深刻。（impress）

________________________________________________________________________

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86. inform sb of/that 通知、告知某人..... 【= sb be informed of/that 获悉...】 keep sb informed of ... 使某人不断了解...... remind sb of /to do/that... 提醒某人；使某人想起...... warn sb of/ to do/ that... 警告某人...... •我们会尽早通知你面试的最终结果。(inform)

________________________________________________________________________ We will inform you of the final result of the interview.

‚通过互联网，我们能不断了解到国内外每天的最新消息。(inform)

________________________________________________________________________ We can be informed of the latest news around the world on the Internet.

ƒ我忘了提醒他面试的时间。(remind)

________________________________________________________________________

I forget to remind him of the interview time.

87. involve sb in = sb be/get involved in 卷入; 参与 【= be engaged in】 involve sth/doing 涉及, 需要

我与此事无关，不要将我扯进去. (involve)

______________________________________________________________________ I have nothing to do with this incident and don’t involve me in it.

与他原来的期待相反，做这个工作需要经常乘飞机出国。（involve）

______________________________________________________________________ Contrar to his expectation, doing this job often involves going abroad by plane.

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88. “了解；知晓；精通等”的表达：

know about 了解 (表状态) ＊learn about/that/wh- 了解到, 得知（表动作） have/get a (general/rough) idea of (大致)了解 have a good knowledge / command of 精通...... “不知道；不了解；不在意等”的表达：

know nothing/little about 对...一无所知/知之甚少 have no idea of/wh- 不知道 be ignorant of/that 不知道 take no/little notice of 不理会

turn a blind eye to.../ turn a deaf ear to... 对...不予理会 be at a loss (wh-/for sth) 茫然不知所措

•由于这位歌手对如何才能唱好这首新歌没什么头绪，他决定咨询Steven。(idea) _________________________________________________________________________

As the singer had no idea how to sing the new song well, he decided to consult Steven.

‚他周末常常去公园钓鱼，对“禁止垂钓”的标志视而不见。(turn)

_________________________________________________________________________

He often go fishing on week in park,with turning a blind eye to the mark that is written \" Prohibition of fishing \".

ƒ他对那个作家一无所知，只知道他曾经出版过几本恐怖小说。（except）

_________________________________________________________________________ He has no idea of that writer,except knowing that he has published several horror fictions.

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. lack用法:

lack(v.) sth = be lacking in 缺乏某物

(a/the) lack (n.) of ...的缺乏 for/because of lack of 因缺乏...... 【be short of； shortage of = lack of 】

•她面试失败了，并非，而是没有经验。（lack）

_________________________________________________________________________

She failed in the interview not because she was incapable but because she lacked experience. ‚你务必始终牢记缺乏维生素会使你生病。(lack)

_________________________________________________________________________

You are sure to keep in mind that lacking of vitamins will cause you to fall ill. ƒ在广大山区，因缺乏教育资源, 很多适龄儿童不能上学。(access)

_________________________________________________________________________

In the vast mountainous areas, many children of the right age/ of school age can’t have access to school for lack of educational resources.

90. “......的方法”的表达：

the way of doing/to do method of sth/doing

approach to sth means of sth/doing (by means of 凭借) the solution to sth

难怪广告经常被看做是推动全球经济发展的手段之一。(wonder)

_________________________________________________________________________ No wonder advertising is often considered one of the means of driving the global economy.

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91. “提供某人某物”的表达：

offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 【＊offer to do (主动)提供做】 provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb

present sb (with) sth = present sth to sb 把某物赠送给某人

这家慈善机构向买不起食物的人提供免费食物。(provide)

_________________________________________________________________________

This charity provides free food for people who can’t afford to buy it. 乘车时你有主动给老人让座的习惯吗（offer）

_________________________________________________________________________ Do you have the habit of offering your seat to the old on the bus?

92. play a (main/major) part/role in 在...中起(主要)作用/扮演角色 take an active part in 积极参加

＊take part in = participate in = join in 参加 (活动, 比赛) ＊join the army/club/party 参军/参加俱乐部/ ＊attend a lecture/conference/opening ceremony 参加/出席... ＊sign up for 报名参加

我们应积极参加各种各样的课外活动。（part）

______________________________________________________________________ He takes active part in all kinds of extracurricular activities.

邻里关系于我们日常生活关系重大。（part）

______________________________________________________________________ Relationship between neighbors plays an important part in our daily

93. prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing sth 比起......来更喜欢...... prefer to do... rather than do 宁愿做...而不愿做...

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= would rather do ...than do = would do... rather than do

儿子向父母解释为什么他宁愿把钱捐给希望工程而不是改善自己的生活条件。(prefer) __________________________________________________________________________ The son explained to his parents why he preferred to donate money to the Hope Project rather than improve his own living conditions.

94. prevent/stop...(from) doing/being done 阻止... 做/被做 = keep...from doing/being done

ban/discourage...from doing 禁止/阻止......做 protect...from... 保护......免受......

你最好多带一些保暖的衣服，以防感冒。(had better)

__________________________________________________________________________ You had better bring warm clothes to prevent colds 正在采取行动以防止苏州河的水进一步污染。(prevent)

Action is taking to prevent Suzhou river from being polluted further.

__________________________________________________________________________

95. prove (to be) + n/adj.【= turn out (to be)/ It turns out that...】结果是,被证明是(不用被动)

当新年钟声响起，关于世界末日的预言不攻自破。(prove)

_________________________________________________________________________ When the New Year bell rang, the prediction about the end of the world proved to be wrong.

96. be qualified for sth/ to do/ as 有资格做..., 胜任... qualify sb for/ to do/ as 使某人有资格做...

尽管困难重重，他丰富的工作经验最终使他能胜任这个工作。(qualify)

_________________________________________________________________________ Despite many difficulties, his rich working experience qualfied him for the job.

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97. range (in...) from...to... (在...方面)从...到...不等

a wide range of = a variety of = various = all kinds/sorts of 各种各样的 研究证明，年龄在60到65岁的老年人更容易得这种病。(range)

_________________________________________________________________________ Researches shows that the old people who range in age from sixty to sixty-five are easier to have this kind of disease

98. replace B with A = A replace B = be replaced by 用A代替B / 被...代替 substitute A for B = A substitute for B = A take the place of B exchange A for B (with sb) 用A交换B change A into B = turn A into B 把......变成...... 不吃三餐用点心代替对健康没有好处。(replace)

____________________________________________________________________________ It’s not a good habit to miss meals and replace them with snacks.

在过去的几年里，这家工厂用塑料代替木头来降低成本。（substitute … for）

_____________________________________________________________________________ In the past few years, this factory has substituted plastics for wood in order to reduce the cost(s).

虽然现代社会物资丰富,给予消费者更多的选择,但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn)

_____________________________________________________________________________ While modern society, rich in material resources, has given consumers more choices, it also turns many of them into crazy shoppers．

99. as a result 因此 (= as a consequence; therefore) as a result of + sth 由于......的结果

A result in B = B result from A 【A lead to/cause/give rise to B 导致, 带来】 飞行员在罢工，因此所有航班不得不取消。（as a result）

____________________________________________________________________________ All flights had to be canceled as a result of the pilots' strike

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随着社会的迅速发展, 许多人都渴望向大众展示他们自己, 从而产生了各种各样的娱乐活动。(result)

_____________________________________________________________________________ With the rapid development of society,an increasing number of people are anxious for showing themselves to the public,which result in various kinds of entertainments.

100. (sb) spend/waste...doing/on sth 花费/浪费......做/在某事物上 (sb) spare (=set aside) st. to do sth 腾出时间做某事 sth cost sb sth 使某人付出(金钱、代价等) sb pay (sb) (some money) for... 为了......付款(给某人) It takes sb st. to do sth 某人花费多少时间做某事 她的女儿把大部分的业余时间都花在弹钢琴上了。（spend）

________________________________________________________________________ Her daughter has spent most of her free time on playing the piano. 这本杂志花了我20元。(cost)

_______________________________________________________________________ This magazine cost/costs me more than 20 yuan.

他没有参加这次面试，这使他失去了一份薪水丰厚的工作。(cost)

_______________________________________________________________________ He didn't take part in the interview, which made him lose a well-paid job.

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