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Actual Size3,0 mm X 4,88 mm
TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003
POSITIVEHIGH-VOLTAGEPOWER-LIMITINGHOTSWAPCONTROLLERFEATURES
••••••••
ProgrammablePowerLimitingandCurrentLimitingforCompleteSOAProtectionWideOperatingRange:+9Vto+80V
LatchedOperation(TPS2490)andAutomaticRetry(TPS2491)
High-sideDriveforLow-RDS(on)ExternalN-channelMOSFET
ProgrammableFaultTimertoProtecttheMOSFETandEliminateNuisanceShutdownsPowerGoodOpen-DrainOutputforDown-streamDC/DCCoordination
EnablecanbeusedasaProgrammableUndervoltageLockoutorLogicControlSmall,Space-saving10-pinMSOPPackage
APPLICATIONS
•••••
ServerBackplanes
StorageAreaNetworks(SAN)MedicalSystemsPlug-inModulesBaseStations
DGS Package(Top View)
ENVREFPROGTIMERGND
12345
109876
VCCSENSEGATEOUTPG
DESCRIPTION
TheTPS2490andTPS2491areeasy-to-use,positivehighvoltage,10-pinHotSwapPowerManager™devicesthatsafelydriveanexternalN-channelMOSFETswitch.Thepowerlimitandcurrentlimit(bothareadjustableandindependentofeachother)ensurethattheexternalMOSFEToperatesinsideaselectedsafeoperatingarea(SOA)undertheharshestoperatingconditions.Applicationsincludeinrushcurrentlimiting,electroniccircuitbreakerprotection,controlledloadturn-on,interfacingtodown-streamdc-to-dcconverters,andpowerfeedprotection.Thesedevicesareavailableinasmall,space-saving10-pinMSOPpackageandsignificantlyreducethenumberofexternaldevices,savingpreciousboardspace.TheTPS2490/91issupportedbyapplicationnotes,anevaluationmodule,andadesigntool.
TypicalApplicationandCorrespondingSOA
VI = 48 VdcC10.1 µFRS0.01 ΩM1IRF540NSVO at 4 AD1SMAJ60AR1324 kΩ1R213.3 kΩ2R341.2 kΩR510 Ω10VCCENTPS2490/91VREFPROG3TIMER4CT0.1 µF59SENSE8GATE7OUTR6470 kΩPG6Power GoodGNDCO220 µFILIM = 5 A,VON/VOFF = 34.2 V/31.7 V,PLIM = 34 W,Timeout = 16 mSProgrammedSOA, 16mSR48.25 kΩHotSwapPowerManagerisatrademarkofTexasInstruments.
Pleasebeawarethatanimportantnoticeconcerningavailability,standardwarranty,anduseincriticalapplicationsofTexasInstrumentssemiconductorproductsanddisclaimerstheretoappearsattheendofthisdatasheet.
PRODUCTIONDATAinformationiscurrentasofpublicationdate.ProductsconformtospecificationsperthetermsoftheTexasInstrumentsstandardwarranty.Productionprocessingdoesnotnecessarilyincludetestingofallparameters.
Copyright©2002–2003,TexasInstrumentsIncorporated
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ThisintegratedcircuitcanbedamagedbyESD.TexasInstrumentsrecommendsthatallintegratedcircuitsbehandledwithappropriateprecautions.Failuretoobserveproperhandlingandinstallationprocedurescancausedamage.
ESDdamagecanrangefromsubtleperformancedegradationtocompletedevicefailure.Precisionintegratedcircuitsmaybemoresusceptibletodamagebecauseverysmallparametricchangescouldcausethedevicenottomeetitspublishedspecifications.
ORDERINGINFORMATION
TA-40°Cto85°C
FUNCTIONLatchedRetry
PACKAGEVSSOP-10(MSOP)
PARTNUMBER(1)TPS2490DGSTPS2491DGS
SYMBOLBIYBIX
(1)AddanRsuffixtothedevicetypefortapeandreelpackaging.
ABSOLUTEMAXIMUMRATINGS(1)
overoperatingfree-airtemperaturerange(unlessotherwisenoted)
UNIT
Inputvoltagerange,VCC,SENSE,EN,OUTOutputvoltagerange,GATE,PGInputvoltagerange,PROG
Outputvoltagerange,TIMER,VREFSinkcurrent,PGSourcecurrent,VREFSinkCurrent,PROGESD-humanbodymodelESD-chargeddevicemodelMaximumjunctiontemperature,TJStoragetemperature,TST
Leadtemperature1.6mm(1/16inch)fromcasefor10seconds(1)
-0.3to100-0.3to100-0.3to6-0.3to6100to222500150–65to150260
VVVVmAmAmAkVV°C°C°C
Stressesbeyondthoselistedunder\"absolutemaximumratings\"maycausepermanentdamagetothedevice.Thesearestressratingsonlyandfunctionaloperationofthedeviceattheseoranyotherconditionsbeyondthoseindicatedunder\"recommendedoperatingconditions\"isnotimplied.Exposuretoabsolute-maximum-ratedconditionsforextendedperiodsmayaffectdevicereliability
RECOMMENDEDOPERATINGCONDITIONS
MIN
VVCCVPROGIVREFTJTA
InputvoltagerangeInputvoltagerange
Operatingcurrentrange(sourcing),VREFOperatingjunctiontemperatureOperatingfree-airtemperature
900-40-40
NOM
MAX804112585
UNITVVmA°C°C
DISSIPATIONRATINGTABLE
PACKAGE
TA<25°CPOWERRATING
mW
376
DERATINGFACTORABOVETA=25°C
(mW/°C)
3.76
TA=70°CPOWERRATING
(mW)
207
TA=85°CPOWERRATING
(mW)
150
VSSOP-10(MSOP)
2
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TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003
ELECTRICALCHARACTERISTICS
unlessotherwisenoted,minimumandmaximumlimitsapplyacrosstherecommendedoperatingjunctiontemperatureandvoltagerange,VTIMER=0V,andalloutputsunloaded;typicalspecificationsareatTJ=25°C,VVCC=48V,VTIMER=0V,andalloutputsunloaded;positivecurrentsareintopins.
PARAMETER
SUPPLYCURRENT(VCC)
EnabledDisabled
CURRENTSENSEINPUT(SENSE)ISENSEVREF
InputbiascurrentReferencevoltage
Inputbiascurrent,deviceenabled,sourcingorsinking
Pulldownresistance,devicedisabledCurrentsensethresholdV(VCC-SENSE)withpowerlimitingtrip
CurrentsensethresholdV(VCC-sense)withoutpowerlimitingtrip
LargeoverloadresponsetimetoGATE
low(1)
VSENSE=VVCC,VOUT=VVCC0 7.54 204.1 µAV REFERENCEVOLTAGEOUTPUT(VREF)POWERLIMITINGINPUT(PROG)IPROGRPROG 0 VPROG=0.9V,VOUT=30V,VVCC=48VVPROG=4V,VSENSE=VOUT VPROG=4V,VOUT=VSENSE,V(VCC-SENSE):0→200mV, C(GATE-OUT)=2nF,V(GATE-OUT)=1VVTIMER=0V VTIMER=0V,TJ=25°CVTIMER=5V VTIMER=5V,TJ=25°CTPS2491onlyTPS2491only VSENSE=VVCC,V(GATE-OUT)=7V,VEN=Hi VEN=Lo,VGATE=VVCC GATEsinkingcurrent GATEoutputvoltage,V(GATE-OUT) tD_ONtD_OFF Propagationdelay:ENgoingtruetoGATEoutputhigh(1) Propagationdelay:ENgoingfalse(0V)toGATEoutputlow(1) Propagationdelay:TIMERexpirestoGATEoutputlow(1) POWERGOODOUTPUT(PG)VPG_LVPGTL Lowvoltage(sinking) PGthresholdvoltage,VOUTrising,PGgoesopendrain IPG=2mAIPG=4mA VSENSE=VVCC,measureV(VCC-OUT) 0.8 0.10.251.25 0.250.51.7 VVV VEN=0→2.5V,50%ofVENto50%ofVGATE,VOUT=VVCC,R(GATE-OUT)=1MΩVEN=2.5V→0,50%ofVENto50%ofVGATE,VOUT=VVCC, R(GATE-OUT)=1MΩ,tFALL<0.1µSVTIMER:0→5V,tRISE<0.1µS,50%ofVTIMERto50%ofVGATE,VOUT=VVCC,R(GATE-OUT)=1MΩ,VEN=Hi,VGATE=VVCC,V(VCC-SENSE)≥200mV 15.020.01.502.103.90.96 25.025.02.52.541.0375 5600 µAΩ VEN=Hi,VSENSE=VOUT=VVCCVEN=Lo,VSENSE=VVCC=VOUT=0 45090 1000250 µAµA TESTCONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT POWERLIMITINGANDCURRENTLIMITING(SENSE)VCLVSENSE 1745 2550 3355 mVmV tF_TRIP 1.2µS TIMEROPERATION(TIMER) Chargecurrent(sourcing)Dischargecurrent(sinking)TIMERupperthresholdvoltageTIMERlowerresetthresholdvoltage DRETRY Faultretrydutycycle GATEDRIVEOUTPUT(GATE)IGATE GATEsourcingcurrent 151.87512 250.5222.4125 352.825016401 µAmAmAVµSµS 34.030.03.703.104.11.041.0% µAµAµAµAVV 0.5%0.75% 0.81µS (1)Nottestedinproduction. 3 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 www.ti.com ELECTRICALCHARACTERISTICS(continued) unlessotherwisenoted,minimumandmaximumlimitsapplyacrosstherecommendedoperatingjunctiontemperatureandvoltagerange,VTIMER=0V,andalloutputsunloaded;typicalspecificationsareatTJ=25°C,VVCC=48V,VTIMER=0V,andalloutputsunloaded;positivecurrentsareintopins. PARAMETER VPGTH∆VPGTtDPG PGthresholdvoltage,VOUTfalling,PGgoeslow PGthresholdhysteresisvoltage,V(SENSE-OUT)PGdeglitchdelay,detectiontooutput,risingandfallingedges(2) Leakagecurrent,PGfalse,opendrain OUTPUTVOLTAGEFEEDBACKINPUT(OUT)IOUT Biascurrent VOUT=VVCC,VEN=Hi,sinkingVOUT=GND,VEN=Lo,sourcing 1.321.22 VEN=48VRisingFalling 7.5 8.48.3758181.351.25100 18.820401.381.28 µAµAVVmVµAVVmV TESTCONDITIONS VSENSE=VVCC,measureV(VCC-OUT)VSENSE=VVCCVSENSE=VVCC 5MIN2.2 TYP2.71.49 1510MAX3.2 UNITVVmsµA ENABLEINPUT(EN)VEN_HVEN_L Threshold,VENgoinghighThreshold,VENgoinglowVENhysteresis(2)Leakagecurrent INPUTSUPPLYUVLO(VCC) VVCCturnonVVCCturnoffHysteresis(2) (2) Nottestedinproduction. 4 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com www.ti.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 TYPICALCHARACTERISTICS SUPPLYCURRENT vs SUPPLYVOLTAGE 600− Current Limit Trip − mVV(VCC − Sense)550IVCC− Supply Current − mA500TJ = 255C45040035030025020091929394959VCC − Supply Voltage − V 6979TJ = −405CTJ = 1255C555453525150494847464591929394959VCC − Supply Voltage − V 6979TJ = 1255CTJ = −405CTJ = 255CCURRENTLIMITTRIP vs SUPPLYVOLTAGEFigure1. GATEPULLUPCURRENT vs SUPPLYVOLTAGE3533IGate− Gate Pullup Current −mA31292725232119171591929394959VCC − Supply Voltage − V 6979TJ = −405CTJ = 255CTJ = 1255CIGate− Gate Pullup Current (EN = OV) − mA2.6Figure2. GATEPULLDOWNCURRENT(EN=0V) vs SUPPLYVOLTAGE2.5TJ = 255CTJ = 1255C2.42.3TJ = −405C2.22.12919293949596979VCC − Supply Voltage − V Figure3.Figure4. 5 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 www.ti.com TYPICALCHARACTERISTICS(continued) GATEPULLDOWNCURRENT vs SUPPLYVOLTAGE (EN=4V,V(vcc–sense)=200mV)215195175TJ = 255C15513511595759TJ = 1255CT − Current Limit Response Time − nSIGate− Gate Pulldown Current − mA1200TJ = 1255CTJ = −405C1000TJ = 255CCURRENTLIMITRESPONSETIME vs SUPPLYVOLTAGE (EN=4V,V(vcc–sense)=200mV)800600TJ = −405C40020001929394959VCC − Supply Voltage − V 69799141924293439VCC − Supply Voltage − V 4449Figure5. GATEOUTPUTVOLTAGE vs SUPPLYVOLTAGE14.50TJ = 1255CVGate− Gate Output Voltage − VITim er− Timer Pullup Current −µA32Figure6. TIMERPULLUPCURRENT vs SUPPLYVOLTAGETJ = 1255C3028TJ = 255C2624TJ = −405C22201814.25TJ = 255C14TJ = −405C13.7513.5091929394959VCC − Supply Voltage − V 6979919293949596979VCC − Supply Voltage − V Figure7.Figure8. 6 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com www.ti.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 TYPICALCHARACTERISTICS(continued) TIMERCHARGE/DISCHARGERATIO vs SUPPLYVOLTAGEANDTEMPERATURE9.80VEN− EN Threshold Voltage (Falling) − V1.2551.2541.2531.2521.2511.2501.2491.2481.2471.2469.6091929394959VCC − Supply Voltage − V 69791.24591929394959VCC − Supply Voltage − V 6979TJ = −405CTJ = 1255CTJ = 255CENTHRESHOLDVOLTAGE(FALLING) vs SUPPLYVOLTAGEITi mer− Charge/Discharge Ratio9.75TJ = 255CTJ = −405C9.70TJ = 1255C9.65Figure9. ENTHRESHOLDVOLTAGE(RISING) vs SUPPLYVOLTAGE1.351VEN− EN Threshold Voltage (Rising) − VTJ = 1255C1.350Figure10. 1.349TJ = 255C1.348TJ = −405C1.3471.3461.34591929394959VCC − Supply Voltage − V 6979Figure11. 7 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 www.ti.com FUNCTIONALBLOCKDIAGRAM 4 VReferenceEnableConstantPowerEngineA3PROGV (DS)Detector+A2BB50 mV max+_Gate ControlAmplifier8GATE2 mAI (D)Detector+−9SENSEPower/CurrentAmplifierInrushComplete+_ChargePump22 mA10VCC2VREFS−14 VS9 mSDeglitch7OUT6PG2.25 V and1.25 V+_UVLO+_Enable8.4 V and8.3 VEnable25 mAFaultLogic1EN1.35 V and1.25 V4 Vand1 V2.5 mAPOR+_Timer5GND4TIMER For Autoretry Opion withDuty Cycle of 0.75%TERMINALFUNCTIONS TERMINAL NAMEENVREFPROGTIMERGNDPGOUTGATESENSEVCC NO.12345678910 OIOIII/OIOII/O Deviceenable Referencevoltageoutput,usedtosetpowerthresholdonPROGpinPower-limitsettinginputFaulttimingcapacitorGround Powergoodreportingoutput,open-drainOutputvoltagefeedbackGateoutput Current-limitsenseinputSupplyinput DESCRIPTION 8 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com www.ti.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 DETAILEDPINDESCRIPTION Thefollowingdescriptionreliesonthetypicalapplicationdiagramshownonpage1,andthefunctionalblockdiagram. VCC:Thispinisassociatedwiththreefunctions:1)biasingpowertotheintegratedcircuit,2)inputtopoweronreset(POR)andundervoltagelockout(UVLO)functions,and3)voltagesenseatoneterminalofRSforM1currentmeasurement.ThevoltagemustexceedthePOR(about6Vforroughly400µS)andtheinternalUVLO(about8V)beforenormaloperation(drivingtheGATE)maybegin.ConnectionstoVCCshouldbedesignedtominimizeRSvoltagesensingerrorsandtomaximizetheeffectofC1andD1;placeC1atRSratherthanattheICpintoeliminatetransientsensingerrors.GATE,PROG,PG,andTIMERareheldlowwheneitherUVLOorPORareactive. SENSE:MonitorsthevoltageatthedrainofM1,andthedownstreamsideofRSprovidingtheconstantpowerlimitenginewithfeedbackofbothM1current(ID)andvoltage(VDS).VoltageisdeterminedbythedifferencebetweenSENSEandOUT,whilethecurrentanalogisthedifferencebetweenVCCandSENSE.TheconstantpowerengineusesVDStocomputetheallowedIDandisclampedto50mV,actinglikeatraditionalcurrentlimitatlowVDS.Thecurrentlimitissetbythefollowingequation: ILIM+50mV RS DesigntheconnectionstoSENSEtominimizeRSvoltagesensingerrors.Don’tdriveSENSEtoalargevoltagedifferencefromVCCbecauseitisinternallyclampedtoVCC.ThecurrentlimitfunctioncanbedisabledbyconnectingSENSEtoVCC. GATE:Providesthehighside(aboveVCC)gatedriveforM1.Itiscontrolledbytheinternalgatedriveamplifier,whichprovidesapull-upof22µAfromaninternalchargepumpandastrongpull-downtogroundof75mA(min).Thepull-downcurrentisanon-linearfunctionoftheamplifieroverdrive;itprovidessmalldriveforsmalloverloads,butlargeoverdriveforfastreactiontoanoutputshort.Thereisaseparatepull-downof2mAtoshutM1offwhenENortheUVLOcausethistohappen.AninternalclampprotectsthegateofM1(toOUT)andgenerallyeliminatestheneedforanexternalclampinalmostallcasesfordeviceswith20VVGS(MAX)ratings;anexternalZenermayberequiredtoprotectthegateofdeviceswithVGS(MAX)<16V.Asmallseriesresistance(R5)of10ΩshouldbeinsertedinthegateleadiftheCISSofM1>200pF,otherwiseuse33ΩforsmallMOSFETs. AcapacitorcanbeconnectedfromGATEtogroundtocreateaslowerinrushwithaconstantcurrentprofilewithoutaffectingtheamplifierstability.Addaseriesresistorofabout1kΩtothegatecapacitortomaintainthegateclampingandcurrentlimitresponsetime. OUT:ThisinputpinisusedbytheconstantpowerengineandthePGcomparatortomeasureVDSofM1asV(VCC–SENSE).Internalprotectioncircuitsleakasmallcurrentfromthispinwhenitislow.IftheloadcircuitcandriveOUTbelowground,connectaclamp(orfreewheel)diodesuchasanS1BfromOUT(cathode)toGND(anode). EN:TheGATEdriverisenabledifthepositivethresholdisexceededandtheinternalPORandUVLOthresholdshavebeensatisfied.ENcanbeusedasalogiccontrolinput,ananaloginputvoltagemonitorasillustratedbyR1/R2inthetypicalapplicationcircuitonpage1,oritcanbetiedtoVCCtoalwaysenabletheTPS2490/91.Thehysteresisassociatedwiththeinternalcomparatormakesthisastablemethodofdetectingalowinputconditionandshuttingthedownstreamcircuitsoff.ATPS2490thathaslatchedoffcanberesetbycyclingENbelowitsnegativethresholdandbackhigh. VREF:Providesa4.0-VreferencevoltageforuseinconjunctionwithR3/R4ofthetypicalapplicationcircuittosetthevoltageonthePROGpin.ThereferencevoltageisavailableoncetheinternalPORandUVLOthresholdshavebeenmet.Itisnotdesignedasasupplyvoltageforothercircuitry,thereforeensurethatnomorethan1mAisdrawn.Bypasscapacitanceisnotrequired,butifaspecialapplicationrequiresone,lessthan1000pFcanbeplacedonthispin. PROG:Thevoltageappliedtothispin(0–4V)programsthepowerlimitusedbytheconstantpowerengine.Normally,aresistordividerR3/R4isconnectedfromVREFtoPROGtosetthepowerlimitaccordingtothefollowingequation: 9 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 www.ti.com VPROG+ PLIM10 ILIM wherePLIMisthedesiredpowerlimitofM1andILIMisthecurrentlimitsetpoint(seeSENSE).PLIMisdeterminedbythedesiredthermalstressonM1: TJ(MAX)*TS(MAX) PLIMt RqJC(MAX)whereTJ(MAX)isthemaximumdesiredtransientjunctiontemperatureofM1andTS(MAX)isthemaximumcasetemperaturepriortoastartorrestart. VPROGisusedinconjunctionwithVDStocomputethe(scaled)current,ID_ALLOWED,bytheconstantpowerengine.ID_ALLOWEDiscomparedbythegateamplifiertotheactualID,andusedtogenerateagatedrive.IfID PROGisinternallypulledtogroundwheneverEN,POR,orUVLOarenotsatisfiedortheTPS2490islatchedoff.Thisfeatureservestodischargeanycapacitanceconnectedtothepin.Donotapplyvoltagesgreaterthan4VtoPROG.Iftheconstantpowerlimitisnotused,PROGshouldbetiedtoVREFthrougha47-kΩresistor. TIMER:Anintegratingcapacitor,CT,connectedtotheTIMERpinprovidesatimingfunctionthatcontrolsthefault-timeforbothversionsandtherestartintervalfortheTPS2491.Thetimerchargesat25µAwhenevertheTPS2490/91isinpowerlimitorcurrentlimitanddischargesat2.5µAotherwise.Thecharge-to-dischargecurrentratioisconstantwithtemperatureeventhoughthereisapositivetemperaturecoefficienttoboth.IfTIMERreaches4V,theTPS2490pullsGATEtoground,latchoff,anddischargeCT.TheTPS2491pullsGATEtogroundandattemptarestart(re-enableGATE)afteratimingsequenceconsistingofdischargingCTdownto1Vfollowedby15morechargeanddischargecycles.TheTPS2490canberesetbyeithercyclingtheENpinortheUVLO(e.g.powercycling).TIMERdischargeswhenENisloworUVLOorPORareactive.TheTIMERpinshouldbetiedtogroundifthisfeatureisnotused. PG:Thisopen-drainoutputisintendedtointerfacetodownstreamdc/dcconvertersormonitoringcircuits.PGgoesopen-drain(highvoltagewithapull-up)afterVDSofM1hasfallentoabout1.25Vanda9msdeglitchtimeperiodhaselapsed.PGisfalse(loworlowresistancetoground)wheneverENisfalse,VDSofM1isabove2.5V,orUVLOisactive.PGcanalsobeviewedashavinganinputandoutputvoltagemonitorfunction.The9-msdeglitchcircuitoperatestofiltershorteventsthatcouldcausePGtogoinactive(low)suchasamomentaryoverloadorinputvoltagestep.VPGvoltagecanbegreaterthanVVCCbecauseit’sESDprotectionisonlywithrespecttoground. GND:Thispinisconnectedtosystemground. 10 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com www.ti.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 APPLICATIONINFORMATION BASICOPERATION TheTPS2490/91providesallthefeaturesneededforapositivehotswapcontroller.Thesefeaturesinclude:1)under-voltagelockout;2)adjustable(system-level)enable;3)turn-oninrushlimit;4)high-sidegatedriveforanexternalN-channelMOSFET;5)MOSFETprotection(powerlimitandcurrentlimit);6)adjustableoverloadtimeout—alsocalledanelectroniccircuitbreaker;7)charge-completeindicatorfordownstreamconvertercoordination;and8)anoptionalautomaticrestartmode.TheTPS2490/91featuressuperiorpower-limitingMOSFETprotectionthatallowsindependentcontrolofcurrentlimit(tosetmaximumfull-loadcurrent),powerlimit(tocontroljunctiontemperaturerise),andoverloadtime(tocontrolcasetemperaturerise). Thetypicalapplicationcircuit,andoscilloscopeplotsofFigures12–16demonstratemanyofthefunctionsdescribedabove. BoardPlug-In(Figure12) Onlythebypasscapacitorchargecurrentandsmallbiascurrentsareevidentwhenaboardisfirstpluggedin.TheTPS2490/91isheldinactive,andGATE,PROG,TIMER,andPGareheldlowforlessthan1mswhileinternalvoltagesstabilize.Astartupcycleisreadytotakeplaceafterthestabilization. GATE,PROG,TIMER,andPGarereleasedafterstabilizationinthisexamplebecauseboththeinternalUVLOthresholdandtheexternalEN(enable)thresholdshavebeenexceeded.ThepartbeginssourcingcurrentfromtheGATEpinandM1beginstoturnonwhilethevoltageacrossit,V(SENSE–OUT),andcurrentthroughit,V(VCC–SENSE),aremonitored.Currentinitiallyrisestothevaluewhichsatisfiesthepowerlimitengine(PLIM÷VVCC)sincetheoutputcapacitorwasdischarged.TIMERandPGOperation(Figure12) TheTIMERpinchargesCTaslongaslimitingactioncontinues,anddischargesata1/10chargeratewhenlimitingstops.IfthevoltageonCTreaches4Vbeforetheoutputischarged,M1isturnedoffandeitheralatch-offorrestartcyclecommences,dependingontheparttype.Theopen-drainPGoutputprovidesadeglitchedend-of-chargeindicationwhichisbasedonthevoltageacrossM1.PGisusefulforpreventingadownstreamdc/dcconverterfromstartingwhileCOisstillcharging.PGgoesactive(opendrain)about9msafterCOischarged.ThisdelayallowsM1tofullyturnonandanytransientsinthepowercircuitstoendbeforetheconverterstartsup.Theresistorpull-upshownonpinPGinthetypicalapplicationdiagramonlydemonstratesoperation;theactualconnectiontotheconverterdependsontheapplication.TimingcanappeartoterminateearlyinsomedesignsifoperationtransitionsoutofthepowerlimitmodeintoagatechargelimitedmodeatlowVDSvalues. VCC CH1VCC 10 V/divPG 10 V/divIIN 1 A/divTimer 1 V/divOUT10 V/divFigure12.BasicBoardInsertion 11 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 www.ti.com APPLICATIONINFORMATION(continued) ActionoftheConstantPowerEngine(Figure13) ThecalculatedpowerdissipatedinM1,VDS×ID,iscomputedunderthesamestartupconditionsasFigure12.ThecurrentofM1,labeledIIN,initiallyrisestothevaluethatsatisfiestheconstantpowerengine;inthiscaseitis34W÷48V=0.7A.The34WvalueisprogrammedintotheenginebysettingthePROGvoltageusingtheequationgiveninthePROGpindescription.VDSofM1,whichiscalculatedasV(VCC–OUT),fallsasCOcharges,thusallowingtheM1draincurrenttoincrease.ThisistheresultoftheinternalconstantpowerengineadjustingthecurrentlimitreferencetotheGATEamplifierasCOchargesandVDSfalls.ThecalculateddevicepowerinFigure13,labeledFETPWR,isseentobeflat-toppedandconstantwithinthelimitationsofcircuittoleranceandacquisitionnoise.Afixedcurrentlimitisimplementedbyclampingtheconstantpowerengine’soutputto50mVwhenVDSislow.Thisprotectiontechniquecanbeviewedasaspecializedformoffoldbacklimiting;thebenefitoverlinearfoldbackisthatityieldsthemaximumoutputcurrentfromadeviceoverthefullrangeofVDSandstillprotectsthedevice. VCC − OUT10 V/divFET PWR 10 W/divVOUT 10 V/divIIN1 A/divM1 Power Measured 29.6 W,Calculated 34.4 W Figure13.ComputationofM1StressDuringStartup ResponsetoaHardOutputShort(Figure14andFigure15) Figure14showstheshortcircuitresponseoverthefulltime-outperiodthatbeginswhentheoutputvoltagefallsandendswhenM1isturnedoff.M1currentisactivelycontrolledbythepowerlimitingengineandgateamplifiercircuitwhiletheTIMERpinchargesCTtothe4VthresholdthatcausesM1tobeturnedoff.TheTPS2490latchesoffafterthethresholdisreacheduntileithertheinputvoltagedropsbelowtheUVLOthresholdorENcyclesthroughthefalse(low)state.TheTPS2491goesthroughatimingsequencebeforeattemptingarestart. 12 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com www.ti.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 APPLICATIONINFORMATION(continued) IIN5 A/divTIMER1 V/divGATE 10 V/divOUT 10 V/divFigure14.CurrentLimitOverview TheTPS2490/91respondsrapidlytotheshortcircuitasseeninFigure15.ThefallingOUTvoltageistheresultofM1andCOcurrentsthroughtheshort’simpedanceatthistimescale.TheinternalGATEclampcausestheGATEvoltagetofollowtheoutputvoltagedownandsubsequentlylimitsthenegativeVDSto1–2V.TherapidlyrisingfaultcurrentoverdrivestheGATEamplifiercausingittoovershootandrapidlyturnM1offbysinkingcurrenttoground.M1slowlyturnsbackonastheGATEamplifierrecovers;M1thensettlestoanequilibriumoperatingpointdeterminedbythepowerlimitingcircuit. GATE 10 V/divVCC 10 V/divOUT 10 V/divIIN5A/divFigure15.CurrentLimitOnset MinimalinputvoltageovershootappearsinFigure15becausealocal100-µFbypasscapacitorandveryshortinputleadswereused.Theinputvoltagewouldovershootastheinputcurrentabruptlydropsinatypicalapplicationduetothestoredenergyintheinputdistribution’sinductance.Theexactwaveformsseeninanapplicationdependuponmanyfactorsincludingparasiticsofthevoltagedistribution,circuitlayout,andtheshortitself. 13 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 www.ti.com APPLICATIONINFORMATION(continued) AutomaticRestart(Figure16) TheTPS2491automaticallyinitiatesarestartafterafaulthascausedittoturnoffM1.InternalcontrolcircuitsuseCTtocount16cyclesbeforere-enablingM1.Thissequencecontinuestorepeatifthefaultpersists.TheTIMERhasa1:10charge-to-dischargecurrentratio,andusesa1-Vlowerthreshold.Thefault-retrydutycyclespecificationquantifiesthisbehavior.Thissmalldutycycleoftenreducestheaverageshort-circuitpowerdissipationtolevelsassociatedwithnormaloperationandeliminatesspecialthermalconsiderationsforsurvivingaprolongedoutputshort. GATE 10 V/divOUT 10 V/divTIMER 1 V/divIIN.5 A/divFigure16.TPS2491RestartCycleTiming DESIGNPROCEDURE ThisdesignprocedureseekstocontrolthejunctiontemperatureofM1underbothstaticandtransientconditionsbyselectingthedevice’spackage,cooling,RDSON,currentlimit,faulttimeout,andpowerlimit.ThefollowingprocedureassumesthataunitrunningatfullloadandmaximumambienttemperatureexperiencesabriefinputpowerinterruptionsufficienttodischargeCO,butshortenoughtokeepM1fromcooling.AfullCOrechargethentakesplace.Adjustthisproceduretofityourapplicationanddesigncriteria. ThisprocedureassumesthatCOistheonlyloadduringinrush.Onlysimplefirst-orderthermalmodels,naturalconvectionandalargePCBpadforM1areassumed.Theassumptionsbuildgeneroussafetymarginsintothedesigntoallowfortheinherentinaccuraciesofthemodelsandvariationsofreal-worldconditions. OthertoolsandapplicationsinformationareavailableontheTIwebsitethatsupplementthefollowingprocedure.STEP1.ChooseRS Giventhemaximumoperatingcurrent,IMAX,computethecurrentsenseresistance,RS. 0.05RS+ 1.2 IMAX Thisequationallowsforminimumcurrentlimit,asenseresistortoleranceof5%,and5%margin.Roundtheresultdowntothenearestavailablestandardvalue.STEP2.ChooseM1 FirstselectaVDSratingthatallowsforthemaximuminputvoltageandtransients.NextselectanoperatingRDSON,package,andcoolingtocontroloperatingtemperature.ThefollowingequationcomputesthevalueofRDSON(MAX)atajunctiontemperatureofTJ(MAX).MostmanufacturerslistRDSON(MAX)at25°Candprovideaderatingcurvefromwhichvaluesatothertemperaturescanbederived.Computethemaximumallowableon-resistance,RDSon(MAX),usingtheequation: 14 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com www.ti.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 APPLICATIONINFORMATION(continued) RDSON(MAX)v TJ(MAX)*TA(MAX) RqJA I2MAX whereTJ(MAX)isthedesiredmaximumsteady-statejunctiontemperature(typically125°C),andTA(MAX)isthemaximumambienttemperature.RθJA,thejunction-to-ambientthermalresistance,dependsuponthepackagestylechosenandthedetailsofheat-sinkingandcooling.NotetheRθJCandRθJAforusebelow.STEP3.ChoosePLIM,R3,R4 M1dissipateslargeamountsofpowerduringpower-uporoutputshortcircuit.ThepowerlimitPLIMoftheTPS2940/91shouldbesettopreventthedietemperaturefromexceedingashorttermmaximumtemperature,TJ(MAX)2.Theshort-termTJ(MAX)2couldbesetashighas150°Cwhilestillleavingamplemargintotheusualmanufacturer’sratingof175°C.AnexpressionforcalculatingPLIMis: PLIMv0.7 TJ(MAX)2* ƪǒI2 RDSON RqCAǓ)TA(MAX)ƫMAX RqJC whereRθJCisM1junction-to-casethermalresistance,RDSONisthechannelresistanceatthemaximumoperating temperature,andthefactorof0.7representsthetoleranceoftheconstantpowerengine.NextcalculateVPROGandthedividerresistorsR3andR4.R3mustbegreaterthan4kΩ,butitisrecommendedthat10kΩorgreaterbeused. PLIM VPROG+whereILIM+0.05 10 ILIMRS VR4+PROG VREFR3)R4 STEP4.ChoosetON,CT Theon-time,tON,setbycapacitorCTmustsufficetofullychargetheloadcapacitanceCOwithouttriggeringthe faultcircuitry.Assumingthatonlytheloadcapacitancedrawscurrentduringstartup: CO PLIM tON+ 2 I2CO LIM ) CO V2 VCC(MAX) 2 PLIM ifPLIMtILIMVVCC(MAX) VVCC(MAX) ILIM ifPLIMwILIMVVCC(MAX) UsingthisvalueoftON,CTiscomputedas: CT+8.5 10*6 tON ǒ1)COUT_TOL)CT_TOLǓ whereCT_TOLandCOUT_TOLarethetolerancesassociatedwitheachcapacitor.AssumingCOisa20%tolerancepart,COUT_TOLhasavalueof0.2.Thisexpressionassurestheworstcasesetofpartswillalwaysstart.STEP5.ChooseTheTurnOnVoltage,R1&R2 AssumingthatENisusedasananaloginput,theturn-onvoltage,VONandturn-offvoltage,VOFFaredefinedas:VON+1.35VVOFF+1.25V R2R2R1)R2R1)R2ǒǓǒǓUsecautioninselectingverylargevaluesofR1andR2becausetheleakagecurrentcauseserrorsinthe thresholdvoltages. 15 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 www.ti.com APPLICATIONINFORMATION(continued) STEP6.ChooseR5,R6,&C1 R5isintendedtosuppresshigh-frequencyoscillations;aresistorof10ΩwillserveformostapplicationsbutifM1hasaCISSbelow200pF,thenuse33Ω.ApplicationswithlargerMOSFETsandveryshortwiringmaynotrequireR5.R6isrequiredonlyifthePGoutputdrivesacircuitthatrequiresit.Itisrecommendedthatthesinkcurrentbelessthan2mA.C1isabypasscapacitortohelpwithcontroloftransientvoltages,unitemissions,andlocalsupplynoisewhileinthedisabledstate.Whereacceptable,avalueintherangeof0.001µFto0.1µFisrecommended.STEP7.ChooseD1 TransientvoltagesuppressorD1isrequiredinapplicationswheretherewillbeenoughenergyinthedistributioninductancetocauseavoltagesurgeabovetheTPS2490/91ratedmaximum.SuchtransientscanbecausedbycardinsertionsorshortsontheinputoroutputoftheTPS2490/91. ALTERNATIVEINRUSHDESIGNS GateCapacitor(dV/dt)Control TheTPS2490/91canbeusedwithapplicationsthatrequireconstantturn-oncurrents.ThecurrentiscontrolledbyasinglecapacitorfromtheGATEterminaltogroundwithaseriesresistor.M1appearstooperateasasourcefollower(followingthegatevoltage)inthisimplementation.Chooseatimetocharge,∆t,basedontheoutputcapacitor,inputvoltageVI,anddesiredchargecurrent,ICHARGE.SelectICHARGEtobelessthanPLIM÷VVCCifthepowerlimitfeatureiskept. C VVCC Dt+O ICHARGEToselectthegatecapacitance: CG+IGATE Dt*CISS VVCC ǒǓwhereCISSisthegatecapacitanceofM1,andIGATEisthenominalgatechargecurrent.TheTIMERcapacitorcanthenbeselectedtobemuchsmallerasthecurrentandpowerlimitisnotactiveduringinitialpoweron.Aseriesresistorofabout1kΩshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithCG.PROGInrushControl AcapacitorcanbeconnectedfromthePROGpintogroundtoreducetheinitialcurrentstepseeninFigure12basedonthetypicalapplicationcircuitonpage1.Thismethodmaintainsarelativelyfastturn-ontimewithoutthedrawbacksofagate-to-groundcapacitorthatincludeincreasedshortcircuitresponsetimeandlesspredictablegateclamping. ADDITIONALDESIGNCONSIDERATIONS UseofPG UsethePGpintocontrolandcoordinateadownstreamdc/dcconverter.AlongtimedelayisneededtoallowCOtofullychargebeforetheconverterstartsifthisisnotdone.AnundesirablelatchupconditioncanbecreatedbetweentheTPS2490outputcharacteristicandthedc/dcconverterinputcharacteristiciftheconverterstartswhileCOisstillcharging;thePGpinisonewaytoavoidthis.FaultsandBackplaneVoltageDroop AhardshortattheoutputoftheTPS2490/91duringnormaloperationcouldresultinactivationoftheenableorUVLOcircuitinsteadofthecurrentlimitiftheinputvoltagedroopssufficiently.ThelowerGATEdriveinthisconditionwillcauseaprolonged,largerover-currentspike.ThiscanbeeliminatedbyfilteringEN,ordistributingcapacitanceonthebusitself.Capacitancefromadjacentplugged-inunitsmayhelpwiththisaswell. 16 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com www.ti.com TPS2490TPS2491SLVS503–NOVEMBER2003 APPLICATIONINFORMATION(continued) OutputClampDiode InductiveloadsontheoutputmaydrivetheOUTpinbelowGNDwhenthecircuitisunpluggedorduringacurrentlimit.TheOUTpinratingscanbemaintainedwithasmalldiode,suchasanS1B,acrossTPS2490/91OUTtoGND.GateClampDiode TheTPS2490/91hasarelativelywell-regulatedgatevoltageof12–16V,evenwithlowsupplyvoltages.AsmallclampZenerfromgatetosourceofM1,suchasaBZX84C7V5,isrecommendedifVGSofM1isratedbelowthis.HighGateCapacitanceApplications Gatevoltageoverstressandabnormallylargefaultcurrentspikescanbecausedbylargegatecapacitance.AnexternalgateclampZenerdiodeisrecommendedifthetotalgatecapacitanceofM1exceedsabout4000pF.Whengatecapacitorinrushcontrolisused,a1-kΩresistorinserieswithCGisrecommended.IftheseriesR-CcombinationisusedforMOSFETswithCISSlessthan3000pF,thenaZenerisnotnecessary.OutputShortCircuitMeasurements Repeatableshort-circuittestingresultsaredifficulttoobtain.Themanydetailsofsourcebypassing,inputleads,circuitlayoutandcomponentselection,outputshortingmethod,relativelocationoftheshort,andinstrumentationallcontributetoobtainingdifferentresults.Theactualshortitselfexhibitsacertaindegreeofrandomnessasitmicroscopicallybouncesandarcs.Careinconfigurationandmethodsmustbeusedtoobtainrealisticresults.Donotexpecttoseewaveformsexactlylikethoseinthedatasheet—everysetupdiffers.LayoutConsiderations GoodlayoutpracticeplacesthepowerdevicesD1,RS,M1,andCOsopowerflowsinasequentialfashion,andpreferablyinastraightline.AgroundplaneunderthepowerandtheTPS2490/91isdesirable.TheTPS2490/91shouldbeplacedclosetothesenseresistorandtheMOSFET;aKelvinconnectionisrecommendedtoachieveaccuratecurrentsensingacrossRS.Alow-impedanceGNDconnectionisrequiredbecausetheTPS2490/91canmomentarilysinkupwardsof100mAfromthegateofM1.TheGATEamplifierhashighbandwidthwhileactive,sokeepthegatetracelengthshort.ThePROG,TIMER,andENpinshavehighinputimpedances,thereforekeeptheirinputleadsshort.Oversizepowertracesandpowerdeviceconnectionstoassurelowvoltagedropandgoodthermalperformance. 17 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com PACKAGEOPTIONADDENDUM www.ti.com 6-Dec-2006 PACKAGINGINFORMATION OrderableDeviceTPS2490DGSTPS2490DGSG4TPS2490DGSRTPS2490DGSRG4TPS2491DGSTPS2491DGSG4TPS2491DGSRTPS2491DGSRG4 (1) Status(1)ACTIVEACTIVEACTIVEACTIVEACTIVEACTIVEACTIVEACTIVE PackageTypeMSOPMSOPMSOPMSOPMSOPMSOPMSOPMSOP PackageDrawingDGSDGSDGSDGSDGSDGSDGSDGS PinsPackageEcoPlan(2) Qty1010101010101010 8080 Green(RoHS&noSb/Br)Green(RoHS&noSb/Br) Lead/BallFinishCUNIPDAUCUNIPDAUCUNIPDAUCUNIPDAUCUNIPDAUCUNIPDAUCUNIPDAUCUNIPDAU MSLPeakTemp(3)Level-2-260C-1YEARLevel-2-260C-1YEARLevel-2-260C-1YEARLevel-2-260C-1YEARLevel-2-260C-1YEARLevel-2-260C-1YEARLevel-2-260C-1YEARLevel-2-260C-1YEAR 2500Green(RoHS& noSb/Br)2500Green(RoHS& noSb/Br)8080 Green(RoHS&noSb/Br)Green(RoHS&noSb/Br) 2500Green(RoHS& noSb/Br)2500Green(RoHS& noSb/Br) Themarketingstatusvaluesaredefinedasfollows:ACTIVE:Productdevicerecommendedfornewdesigns. LIFEBUY:TIhasannouncedthatthedevicewillbediscontinued,andalifetime-buyperiodisineffect. NRND:Notrecommendedfornewdesigns.Deviceisinproductiontosupportexistingcustomers,butTIdoesnotrecommendusingthispartinanewdesign. PREVIEW:Devicehasbeenannouncedbutisnotinproduction.Samplesmayormaynotbeavailable.OBSOLETE:TIhasdiscontinuedtheproductionofthedevice. (2) EcoPlan-Theplannedeco-friendlyclassification:Pb-Free(RoHS),Pb-Free(RoHSExempt),orGreen(RoHS&noSb/Br)-pleasecheckhttp://www.ti.com/productcontentforthelatestavailabilityinformationandadditionalproductcontentdetails.TBD:ThePb-Free/Greenconversionplanhasnotbeendefined. Pb-Free(RoHS):TI'sterms\"Lead-Free\"or\"Pb-Free\"meansemiconductorproductsthatarecompatiblewiththecurrentRoHSrequirementsforall6substances,includingtherequirementthatleadnotexceed0.1%byweightinhomogeneousmaterials.Wheredesignedtobesolderedathightemperatures,TIPb-Freeproductsaresuitableforuseinspecifiedlead-freeprocesses. Pb-Free(RoHSExempt):ThiscomponenthasaRoHSexemptionforeither1)lead-basedflip-chipsolderbumpsusedbetweenthedieandpackage,or2)lead-baseddieadhesiveusedbetweenthedieandleadframe.ThecomponentisotherwiseconsideredPb-Free(RoHScompatible)asdefinedabove. Green(RoHS&noSb/Br):TIdefines\"Green\"tomeanPb-Free(RoHScompatible),andfreeofBromine(Br)andAntimony(Sb)basedflameretardants(BrorSbdonotexceed0.1%byweightinhomogeneousmaterial) (3) MSL,PeakTemp.--TheMoistureSensitivityLevelratingaccordingtotheJEDECindustrystandardclassifications,andpeaksoldertemperature. 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Addendum-Page1 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com PACKAGEMATERIALSINFORMATION www.ti.com 30-Jun-2007 TAPEANDREELINFORMATION PackMaterials-Page1 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com PACKAGEMATERIALSINFORMATION www.ti.com 30-Jun-2007 DevicePackagePinsSite ReelDiameter(mm)330330 ReelWidth(mm)1212 A0(mm)B0(mm)K0(mm) P1(mm)88 WPin1(mm)Quadrant1212 Q1Q1 TPS2490DGSRTPS2491DGSR DGSDGS 1010 NSENSE 5.35.3 3.33.3 1.31.3 TAPEANDREELBOXINFORMATION DeviceTPS2490DGSRTPS2491DGSR PackageDGSDGS Pins1010 SiteNSENSE Length(mm) 370.0370.0 Width(mm)355.0355.0 Height(mm) 75.075.0 PackMaterials-Page2 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com 元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com IMPORTANTNOTICE TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedanditssubsidiaries(TI)reservetherighttomakecorrections,modifications,enhancements, improvements,andotherchangestoitsproductsandservicesatanytimeandtodiscontinueanyproductorservicewithoutnotice.Customersshouldobtainthelatestrelevantinformationbeforeplacingordersandshouldverifythatsuchinformationiscurrentandcomplete.AllproductsaresoldsubjecttoTI’stermsandconditionsofsalesuppliedatthetimeoforderacknowledgment.TIwarrantsperformanceofitshardwareproductstothespecificationsapplicableatthetimeofsaleinaccordancewithTI’sstandardwarranty.TestingandotherqualitycontroltechniquesareusedtotheextentTIdeemsnecessarytosupportthiswarranty.Exceptwheremandatedbygovernmentrequirements,testingofallparametersofeachproductisnotnecessarilyperformed. 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