燃油热风炉使用说明书资料

目 录

一、概述 ……………………………………………………

二、工作原理…………………………………………………

三、规格与技术参数 …………………………………………

四、安装调试与操作使用规程 …………………………………

五、维护保养与常见故障的排除 ………………………………

六、安全事项…………………………………………………

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CONTENTS

Ⅰ. Introduction ……………………………………………

Ⅱ. Working Principles………………………………………

Ⅲ. Specifications and technique instruction …………………

Ⅳ. Installation adaptation and operation instruction…………

Ⅴ. Care and maintenance and remove of common fault………

Ⅵ. Safe items…………………………………………………

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一、概述

YR系列燃油热风炉是我公司在多年实践的基础上自行研制开发的一种高效节能燃油供热设备，供热能力为1×4.18×106kJ/h~30×4.18×106kJ/h。热风炉主要由燃料供应装置、供风装置、燃烧装置、燃烧室、混合室及热工控制系统组成。

本产品结构简单、体积小巧、操作安全、维护简便、使用寿命长、供热范围广，温度可随意调配，广泛应用于水泥、化工、冶金等行业中的烘干、焙烧设备提供热源。 二、工作原理

燃油热风炉工作原理：燃料由供应装置安全输送到燃烧器，与供风装置送入的空气经燃烧器组织在燃烧室里充分燃烧，产生的高温气体在混合室内与冷空气混合得到符合工艺要求的热烟气。 三、规格与技术参数 ㈠ 产品型号

YR-nD（Z、G） n=1~30，n=1表示1×4.18×106kJ/h供热能力

G表示高温型，供热温度为600~1200℃ Z表示中温型，供热温度为300~600℃ D表示低温型，供热温度为100~300℃ 燃油热风炉

四、安装调试与操作使用规程 ㈠安装

炉体安装：

炉子要安装在牢固的基础上,各连接法兰之间应加石棉绳密封,详见燃油热风炉安装图。

燃烧机安装：

1、燃烧机的喷火口应插入炉膛火口之内,其深度视炉墙厚度而定,不宜大于150毫米。

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炉墙火口内径比燃烧机前端外筒大于15毫米，火口呈45°～50°锥角，这样可避免烧重油时，在火口锥面上结焦。

2、插入深度及倾斜角度等定妥后，把燃烧机外面的活动法兰焊在外筒上。如炉膛有正压，则在法兰与炉墙板之间加垫石棉板，以免炉内火焰外冒。这样可防止烧毁机壳，且节约能源，炉内正压如大于10毫米水柱以上，用户应在炉尾加引风机抽炉尾气排出、或加高抽风烟囱。

3、燃烧机用3～6个压板螺钉将焊连在燃烧机前端外筒上的法兰或用压板固定在炉墙板面上,或用支撑架固定即可。

4、打开风机电机上的电线盖板，接通输入电源 ，检查电机方向是否正确。 5、安装输油泵时，应检查电机方向是否与铭牌方向一致。路上应有过滤装置，还应有回油系统，靠燃烧机前应有接头及压力表，表之外应安装有可调节针型阀，再用软管连接。

6、烧重油用户，输入油路应有蒸汽保温与蒸汽扫管线的装置。点火前应有蒸汽扫线与预热油路、喷油嘴等。重油到炉前的油温不低于120℃～130℃，否则雾化不好，在火焰筒内易产生结焦。

㈡操作使用

⒈首次点火前的检查工作：

检查燃烧机及其配套件安装情况，检查油路、电路、风路是否安全畅通。 接通电源，手动检查风机及油泵运转方向是否正确。若是反转了、则应断开电源开关，将反转的油泵、风机接线任意换1相即可改变转动方向。检查油路、风路电磁阀和调节阀是否动作，再将输油软管从喷油嘴上扭下，打开油阀，放油一刻钟到桶中，目的是清除输路中的杂质。观察后如无异常情况，可进入手动点火调试工作，手动点火调试工作正常后，方可进行自动或中控操作。

每次点火前的准备工作：

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①清除炉膛中的积渣、杂物，打开风机吹扫炉膛3~5分钟。

②若燃用重油，应先打开加热重油的蒸气阀门约三分钟，待管中积水放完，开始冒汽时关阀，再打开扫线汽阀及喷油嘴上手轮阀，使蒸气沿未被保温的油路及喷油嘴喷入燃烧机及炉膛中，将油路及油嘴等预热，约10分钟待油嘴体表面烫手后，可关蒸气。

2.调试

打开烟道龙门阀，关闭风机风门，启动风机，此时炉膛应有负压，打开风门吹扫炉膛后再关闭风门。调整回道上的调节阀，启动油泵，使其油压上升到1.0MPa，点火后发现燃烧冒烟，可能是油压调得过高，手动将回油阀门调大，观察火焰状况，直到不冒烟为止。炉温或料温不够，可能是供油压过低，将回油调节阀慢慢关小，油压升高，火量增大，同时手动调整风门，直到燃烧稳定达到所需要温度为止。如仍达不到温度要求，则检查其它原因或检查是否属选型过小，应换大一型号燃烧机。

3.正常安全操作规程

①检查机、电设备是否正常，油、气管路是否通畅，清除喷嘴口的积油或焦块。 ②点火前要打开管道调节阀，启动鼓风机时，风阀要关严密，待正常运行后，打开风阀吹扫炉膛3-5分钟，然后关掉调风阀

③点火时，要使炉内处于负压状态，压力保持在-100~-150Pa；如负压大影响点火时，可调整管路阀门，同时保证炉膛处于微负压状态。

④一般情况下，炉内温度控制在＜800℃，根据需要通过管路调节阀及炉膛挡火板微调烟气温度使之符合工艺要求(一般在100~300℃，依据对象不同而定)。

⑤根据尾气温度需要，调整油压，根据燃烧火焰状况调整风阀。在同一油压下,通过调节风阀,保证燃油充分燃烧,火焰不宜过长。如要加温，先加大油压，同时要加大风门。减压就相应减风。

⑥如系冷炉，则不能升温过快，开小火逐步升温10分钟左右再开大火。 ⑦停炉时，先关烧嘴进油电磁闸阀，再关油泵。3分钟后停止供风风机，关闭管道

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调节阀。

⑧自动操作时，系统启动后按照程序自动运行，根据尾气温度变化对调节阀进行自动调节使系统达到供热平衡。

3.注意事项：

①如点火未着，则迅速关闭油阀，开大风量吹扫炉膛，3分钟后再按程序点火，以防炉膛内油雾积累过多汽化再次点火时引起爆炸。

②点火时，操作人员必须站在点火孔侧边，注意回火引起事故。

③如出现火焰易脱火，燃烧不稳的情况，应调小风阀，将火焰烧到燃烧器里面，再适当调大即可。

④如出现燃烧火焰过短，或火焰明显变形，就可能是油出现堵塞而异致雾化不良燃烧不好，处理方法是将油前端油咀部分折开清洗雾化片和旋流套，然后按顺序装配即可（注意要拧紧）。

⑤油泵的使用压力在0.5～1.5MPa之间，可根据炉温所需而调整,但不允许将炉膛烧红导致炉体变形。

五、维护保养与常见故障的排除 ㈠维护保养

①过滤网应及时拆洗，清除杂质、修补滤网损处。

②火焰筒应定期清扫，保持筒壁面的干净与气道的畅通。特别当油质差、油温低，空气不干净时更应勤于清扫。

③油应定时拆洗，保持流道的畅通。拆卸油应按程序与规定进行，不能损坏。 ④经常检查油温、油压、风压仪表的准确性。 ⑤经常检查各种阀门的密封性。

⑥火口砖锥面上不能有杂物堆积，应及时清扫，否则会引起回火，烧坏燃烧器。 ⑦经常检查风路、油路的密封性。

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⑧工作时应保持蒸汽能在重油油路的保温套管中流动。

⑨喷油嘴中雾化片零件如发现有磨损，应及时更换，否则影响雾化效果。 ⑩火焰筒如有损坏应及时修复，否则因损坏而改变空气流通面积，影响燃烧效果。 ㈡常见故障的排除(见表)

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六、安全事项

1、点火时，工作人员不得站在炉前，以免爆燃喷火伤人。

2、火焰熄灭或一次点火不成功，应立即停止点火，关闭供油阀和空气阀，排除炉内未燃烬的油气后再重新点火；燃用重油时，还需接通蒸汽清扫供路，排除未燃烬的油气后再重新点火。

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Ⅰ. Intr oduction

YR fuel hot-blast stove series are a type of highly energy-saving fuel heat-providing equipment. They are produced on the basis of years of practice of this corporation. It has the capacity of providing heat power of 1*4.18*106 kJ/h to 30*4.18*106 kJ/h. Hot-blast stove is mainly composed of fuel providing installation, airing installation, combustion installation, combustion chamber, mixing chamber and hot work control system.

YR series are simple, small, safe, durable, and easy to maintain. They have broad scope of heat addition and can be tuned at any temperature. Therefore, they are widely used as thermal sources in drying and roasting equipment in cement, chemical industry and metallurgy and so on. Ⅱ. Working principles

Fuel hot-blast stove working principles: fuel is conveyed fuel burner through provider and combust with the air sent by air-providing installation in combustion chamber after the fuel and the air are handled in burner organization. The high-temperature gas produced by the combustion mixes with cold air in the mixing chamber and becomes hot flue gas. Ⅲ. Specifications and technique parameters 1.

Product types

N=1~30, n=1 means the capacity of providing heat of 1*4.18*106 kJ/h G means high-temperature type, temperature range:600~1200℃ Z means middle-temperature type, temperature range:300~600℃ D means low-temperature type, temperature range:100~300℃ YR fuel hot-blast stove

Ⅳ. Installation adaptation and operation instruction

1. Installation

Stove body installation:

Stove must be fixed on solid base; joint flanges must be sealed with asbestos in between. Details are referred to on fuel hot-blast stove installation picture.

Combustion machine installation:

a. Spray blow hole of the combustion machine is put in the blow hole of stove chamber, the depth decided by the thickness of the boiler setting, favorably not deeper than 150 mm. The internal diameter of the blow hole of boiler setting is 15mm longer than that of front can of combustion machine. The blow hole of boiler setting is designed at a cone angle of 45°~50°.so that no knot coke is produced on the awl surface when heavy oil is combusted.

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b.

After the depth and the cone angle is decided, weld flexible flange outside the combustion machine on the outside can. If the pressure in the stove chamber is positive, put asbestos board between flange and boiler setting board in order to prevent of the flame inside. In this way, the machine coating will not be burned out and energy can be saved. If the positive pressure is stronger than 10 mm water column, users should use draw fan to exhaust stove vent gas or add chimney of exhausting gas. c. Fix the flange that is welded on the front outside can of the combustion machine on the board surface of the boiler setting with 3~6 pressing plate screws or fix it with tie-in or with carriage d. Open the wire cover board of the blower fan engine, plug it in and check the direction of the engine. e. When installing the oil pump, examine whether the engine’s direction is in accordance with that of the nameplate. There should be a filtering equipment on the oil pipe and a return oil system. In front of the combustion machine should be an oil pipe joint and pressure meter, beside which adaptable needle valve must be installed and connected with soft pipes. f. For heavy oil users, on the oil input route should be steam heat preservation and steam scavenging pipeline. Before ignition there should be steam scavenging line and warming-up oilway and carburetor jet. The temperature of heavy oil should be no less than 120℃-130℃ before it comes to the stove. Otherwise, atomization is not complete and it is easy to agglomerate inside the flame can. 2. Operation a. Check-up before the first lighting

Check the installation of combustion machine and its accessories; make sure that oil path, circuit and air road are correctly connected. Switch on and manually examine the operation direction of wind machine and oil rump. If they are going otherwise, switch off immediately and change either phase of the oil pump or wind machine so that the operation direction will change. Examine the oil path, wind path solenoid valve and adaptation valve to ensure they are working; screw the soft oil tube off carburetor jet, open the oil valve and put oil in the barrel for 15 minutes in order to clear away the impure things in the pipe. Preparations before each lighting:

Al. clear away the product drugs and miscellaneous things; air the sweep chest stove with fan for 3~5 minutes.

A2. Open the steam valve for warming up heavy oil about 3 minutes until completely emitting the product water. Shut the valve when steam comes out, and open sweep line steam valve and atomizer start ship valve so that steam spray into combustion machine and stove chamber along injection valve and oil path that is not kept warm. Preheat oil path and glib for about 10 minutes until the surface is hot and shut off steam. b. Adaptation

Open the flue valve and close the gate of wind machine, start the machine. Then there is negative pressure inside the stove; open the wind

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gate, sweep the stove chamber and close the gate again. Tune the adaptation valve on the oil pipe path, start the oil pump and increase the oil pressure to 1.0Mpa. When smoke accompanies combustion after ignition, it may be concluded that the oil pressure is higher. Manually open the return oil valve wider and observe the flame until no smoke comes out. If the temperature of the stove or materials is not sufficiently high, it may be due to low oil pressure; then turn down the oil adaptation valve to increase the oil pressure and strengthen the fire. Meanwhile, manually adapt the wind gate until required temperature is reached for stable combustion. If required temperature cannot be reached yet, then examine whether the machine is too small and have a larger combustion machine. c. Safe operation instructions

C1. Examine whether machines and power equipment are in good condition and whether oil and air paths are clear; clear away product oil and knot coke at injection valve.

C2. Open the tube adaptation valve before ignition; shut the wind valve when starting the fan. Air sweep stove chamber for 3~5minutes after it operates properly and then close the wind valve.

C3. Keep stove chamber at low pressure of-100~150Pa when lighting fire; if negative pressure is too high and affects lighting fire, adapt pipeline valve and ensure stove chamber at low negative pressure. C4. Generally, stove chamber temperature should be under 800℃；the air temperature can be adapted by pipeline valve and stove chamber gear fiery board to suit the requirements of craftsmanship (ordinarily 100~300℃,according to different objects)

C5. Adapt oil pressure according to the need of stove temperature; adapt air valve in accordance with the condition of flame. Under the same oil pressure, make sure fuel burns fully by adapting air valve. Flame should not be too long. If temperature needs to be raised, increase oil pressure first and open the air valve wider at the same time. Decreasing pressure will decrease air valve accordingly.

C6. Temperature should not be increased too abruptly in cold stove. Weak fire for 10 minutes, then strong fire.

C7.When stopping combustion, turn off burner input oil floodgate valve, and then shut oil pump. Turn off air provider 3 minutes later and close the tube adaptation valve.

C8. Have the machine operating automatically in accordance with the prescribed procedure after it is started in the case of manual operation. Adapt the adaptation valve automatically according to the changes of temperature of tail gas so as to achieve heat supply balance of the system. d. Attention

D1. If lighting is not successful, shut oil valve immediately; increase air to blow sweep stove chamber; light fire 3 minutes later according to procedure to avoid explosion caused steam out of oil fog in stove

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chamber at the second fire-lighting.

D2. Operator should not stand right in front of fire-lighting hole when lighting fire in order to avoid any danger caused by return fire.

D3. If flame is stable or combustion is unsteady, turn down air valve so that flame keeps burning in combustion chamber, and then turn up air valve. D4. If flame is too short or obviously in unusually shape, it is possibly because oil gun is jammed, which leads to atomization and bad combustion. Take apart the front glib of oil gun and clean atomization plate and spiral flow cover, and then assemble then as they are (please screw tight).

D5. Pressure in use of oil pump is between 0.6 and 1.5Mpa, adaptable according to the need of stove temperature. Ⅴ. Care and maintenance and remove of common fault

1. Care and maintenance

a. Filter net should be taken apart and washed in time; clear product wastes and mend breakage.

b. Flame can must be cleaned at regular time to keep can wall clean and air path unblocked. Especially when oil quality is not good, oil temperature is low and air is not clean, cleaning should be more frequent.

c. Oil gun should be taken apart and washed at regular time to keep oil path unblocked. Taking apart oil gun should take place according to procedures and regulations. Do not damage oil gun.

d. Check oil temperature, oil pressure and air pressure meter frequently. e. Examine sealing of all the valves.

f. Clear away product drugs on the brick awl surface of blow hole in time, or they will cause return fire and burn combustion machine. g. Examine sealing of air and oil path.

h. Keep steam flowing in insulation casing pipe of heavy oil path at working time. i. Change in time the accessories of atomization plate if damage is found out, or it will affect atomization. j. Restore flame can if any damage is found out, or it will change air circulation area and influence combustion effect.

2. Removal of problems

Problems Causes Solutions Ignition is 1.no atomization Increase the oil unsuccessful. pressure and temperature to he required 2.electronic ignition gun Examine the width of not working clearance of ignition electrode, clear electrode besmirch or change an gnition transformer. - 13 -

Examine whether fuel solenoid valve is open or have another one; examine whether oil gun is jammed and clean it. 4.wind gate is too wide Shut the wind gate. 5.no ignition source Examine whether the solenoid valve and oil pump pressure Smoke 1.oil pressure is too low Increase the oil under normal pressure. combustion. 2.distributive value is too Adapt the oil pressure high or too low or have another atomization plate. 3.oil temperature is too Increase the oil ow emperature. 4.wind gate is too wide Adapt the air input or too narrow. gate. 5.flame can is burnt or Clean the agglomerated. agglomeration or have another flame can. Flameout 1.oil provision pump is Have another oil pump. Under damaged. normal 2.oil provision tube is Clean the tube line or combustion. ammed. filter. 3.wind gate is too wide. Turn down the gate. 4.oil gun is jammed. Clean the gun. 5.oil provision solenoid Examine whether the valve is not open. solenoid valve or light sensor is damaged. Heavy 1.wind pressure is too 1.increase wind agglomeration ow. pressure 2.clean the air nput path of flame can. 2.oil fog is too thick. Follow the procedures of atomization mprovement. 3.dust in the air. Install an air input can at the hate of combustion side. 4.poor oil quality Have a steam atomization oil gun (type g) Improper 1.oil provision pressure Stable the provision emperature of unstable pressure he stove 2.partly jammed oil gun. Clean the gun. chamber of the 3.aperture of atomization Have another material plate is too big or too small. atomization plate. 4.improper combustion Have another machine combustion machine.

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3.no fuel Combustion 1.oil providing solenoid Repair it or have machine valve or gate valve leaks another one machine 2.atomization angle is too Have another burning gate small. atomization plate. eaking oil 3.atomization plate is Have another damaged. atomization plate. 4.ignition fails several Open the wind gate and imes; oil surplus in the flame air the left oil. can. Agglomerat1.flame mouth is too Make the shortest on or return fire small. diameter 10-15mm longer n the flame han the flame can. mouth. 2.taper angle of flame Consult the size of mouth is too small. flame mouth and make the angle bigger than 40℃. 3.flame can and flame Make them share one mouth do not share one center center. 4.blocks in the flame Clear away the blocks. mouth. Ⅵ. Safe items.

1.operators should not stand in front of stove when lighting fire in order to

avoid sudden fire wound.

2.stop lighting fire immediately if flame is off or the first lighting is not

successful, and shut off oil providing valve and air valve, clear out the oil gas left in stove and re-light fire; if it is the case of heavy oil, steam needs connecting to clear oil providing pipe; clear out the oil gas that is not burned out and re-light fire.

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