英语人称代词、物主代词、反身代词

人称代词：

要讲英语人称代词，咱们先要知道什么叫代词。代词(pronoun)是指代或替代名词或名词词组的词类，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词。

人称代词 数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 单 数 第三人称 我 你 他 她 它 第一人称 复 数 人称 主格 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 I you he she it 单数 宾格 me you him her it 主格 we you they 复数 宾格 us you them 第二人称 第三人称 我们 你们 他们 主格 I You He She It We You They 宾格 me you him her it us you their 人称代词里的主格放在名首做主语和表语，宾格放在句末或名中做动词和介词的宾语。打个比方，主人邀请宾客，主格就像主人，宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面，宾格在动词或介词后面。 1. 人称一致 人称代词作主语通常要与随后的动词保持人称的一致。例如： I am a teacher. You are a student. He is a doctor. She is a nurse. It is a computer.

2．数的一致

人称代词应与它的先行项在单、复数形式上保持一致。例如： Jenny is a nurse. She works at our school clinic.

Here are a few TV sets for sale. They are all make in Japan. You, Mike and Andy have finished your work. You can go. 3．性的一致

单数第三人称代词有阳性、阴性和中性之分，它们的使用决定于所指对象的自然性别。

John didn’t find us, so he left.

Jane hasn’t been back, so we are waiting for her. That vase is valuable. It is more than 300 years old. 如果是类指，则代词和物主限定词可用he/his:

A teacher should offer his students challenging projects. 4．格的选择

人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，表示―所有‖用属格。 I teach him Chinese. He teaches me English.

This is my bag, that one is yours. 人称代词在介词之后常用宾格： I brought some story books for them. They are talking about me.

Most of us like learning English.

人称代词在动词be之后常用宾格： Who is it?-It’s me.

If I were him, I would not do that thing. ★ It 可以有许多用法，表示：

a. 某样东西：Where’s my map? I left it on the table. b. 抽象事物：You saved my life. I shall never forget it. c. 不知性别的孩子：What a beautiful baby!—Is it a boy?

d. 某种感觉或情况：Where does it hurt? How is it going with you? e. 是谁：Who is it(that)?—It’t me.

f. 时间、日期等：What time is it ? –It’s eight o’clock. g. 天气、环境：It’s raining.

h. 距离等：How far is it to New York? --It is 800 kilometers.

1、_____（我） am a teacher.

2、My father is talking with______（我） 3、_______ are Chinese.（我们） 4、Her sister is helping ______.（我们） 5、_____ are a beautiful girl.（你） 6、_____ are students.（你们）

7、____ is a cat.（它）

8、______ are playing football.（他们）

9、______ often goes to the park after school.（他） 10、My dog likes _____.（她）

物主代词

物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词：

数 单数 复数 人称 第一 第二 第三 第一 第二人第三 类别 人称 人称 人称 人称 称 人称 形容词性物主my your his her its our your their 代词 名词性物主代mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 词 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词 而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：

Is this your book?

No，it isn’t, it’s hers.(her book)

These are my books. These books are mine. This is my cup. Yours is the blue one.

My husband’s father is a doctor. Mine is a lawyer. ★名词性物主代词可用于―双重所有格‖结构：

My sister makes friends wherever she goes. Jack is just a friend of hers.

★ Yours 常常写在信末：

Yours faithfully, yours truly, yours sincerely, yours, yours ever 例句： 你知道形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别吗？ 1、.形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前。

This is my book. 这是我的书。

We love our motherland. 我们热爱我们的祖国。

2、名词性物主代词起名词的作用。

Look at the two pencils. The red one is yours and the blue one is mine.

看那两支铅笔，红的是你的，蓝的是我的。 He likes my pen. He doesn't like hers. 他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的。 3、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词

一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7. （I/ My）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）

二、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：

1. Mary works in a bookstore. likes work very much. 2. John and I are in the same school. go to school together. 3. She is a friend of . We got to know each other two years ago. 4. Her sister makes all own dresses.

5. I have many friends. Some of are good at English. 6. May I use bike? is broken.

7. Everybody is here except Ann and ________ friend Jane. ________ are in the library now. 三、选择填空

1. Who’s singing over there ? — ________ is Sandy’s sister.

A. That B. It C. She D. This

2. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.

A. She, you and I B. You, she and I

C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you 3. Between you and ________, he is not a real friend.

A. me B. I C. he D. his 4. My uncle bought a new bike for ________.

A. theirs B. they C. me D. I 5. Mr Smith often praises（表扬） _____ in class.

A. he B. him C. I D. me

6. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim! — Oh, ________ is from my friend, Mary.

A. he B. it C. she D. it’s

7. Don’t shake（摇） the young tree. ___ leaves are falling off（掉落）. You should look after __.

A. It, it’s B. It’s, it C. Its, it D. It, it

反身代词

反身代词在中学英语中的用法极其灵活，搭配频频出现，为帮助同学们复习和积累，特将中学英语中出现的反身代词用法归纳如下： 1． 用以加强语气，表示亲自。

If one wants knowledge of a skill, one must take part in it oneself. He went there himself the day before yesterday.

2. 与典型介词搭配，构成固定短语，表达特定含义。 1) (all) by oneself 单独地

When I was young, I had to make a living all by myself. Would you go there by yourself? 2) to oneself 独自享用

When he eats in a restaurant, he likes a table to himself. 3) for oneself 为自己；独自 One shouldn’t live for himself alone. You must find it out for yourself. 4) of oneself自动地 The door opened of itself. 5) between ourselves私下里

Just between ourselves, I don’t think much of him. 6) in oneself本身

The materials in themselves were not poisonous. 7) beside oneself喜怒时发狂 She was beside herself with joy.

8) by itself自然地

The machine will start by itself in a few seconds. 3. 与典型动词搭配，构成固定短语。 1) be not oneself身体不好

I’m not quite myself today.(I’m unwell.) 2) enjoy oneself玩得很痛快 3) help oneself to sth. 随便吃 Please help yourself to some fish. 4) teach oneself sth.自学

When he was young, he taught himself advanced mathematics. 5) accustom oneself to 习惯于

He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of life. 6) devote oneself to致力于

I am determined to devote myself to the cause of education. 7) adapt oneself to适应

She quickly adapted herself to the new climate. 8) adjust oneself to调整；适应

The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature. 9) behave oneself举止得体 Please behave yourselves. 10) dress oneself穿衣服 He is too young to dress himself. 11) seat oneself就坐

He seated himself in the chair and began to read the novel.

12) make oneself heard / understood / seen / known / believed让自己被（别人）听见/听懂/看见/认识/相信

He raised his voice to make himself heard by all. 13) find oneself无意识中发现自己

At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and sat down to eat our picnic lunch.

14) express oneself清楚表达自己的意思 He is still unable to express himself in English. 15) talk to oneself自言自语 16) come to oneself 苏醒

反身代词练习

1.The old man lives by ______. 2.I am sure I can do it all by _______.

3.Look,is this room beautiful? I painted it _____. 4.Mary is old enough to take care of ______. 5.It is perfume, I made it __________. 6.Can you carry this box upstairs by _______.

7.The story ______was very good, but you are did not tell it well. 8.Sara is not pleased with ______in this English test. 9.Did you enjoy _______at the party yesterday?